Cultures & Communities

Cleveland Many Peoples One Language Poster

Furniture, cooking wares, clothing, works of art, and many other kinds of artifacts are part of what knit people into communities and cultures. The Museum’s collections feature artifacts from European Americans, Latinos, Arab Americans, Asian Pacific Americans, African Americans, Gypsies, Jews, and Christians, both Catholics and Protestants. The objects range from ceramic face jugs made by enslaved African Americans in South Carolina to graduation robes and wedding gowns. The holdings also include artifacts associated with education, such as teaching equipment, textbooks, and two complete schoolrooms. Uniforms, insignia, and other objects represent a wide variety of civic and voluntary organizations, including youth and fraternal groups, scouting, police forces, and firefighters.

Place: United States

Rosary

Weather forecasting, like air traffic controlling, can at times be an unnerving occupation.
Description
Weather forecasting, like air traffic controlling, can at times be an unnerving occupation. Dramatic changes in weather patterns have the potential to affect millions of people, as do warnings issued by the National Weather Service, an arm of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
Robert Ricks, chief NWS forecaster on duty at the Slidell, Louisiana weather station the morning of August 28, studied the computer maps of Hurricane Katrina's movement across the Gulf of Mexico. At 10:11 that morning, he quickly composed an urgent and unambiguous weather alert, what became the most accurate prediction of Katrina's impact. "A MOST POWERFUL HURRICANE WITH UNPRECEDENTED STRENGTH . . ." it began. "MOST OF THE AREA WILL BE UNINHABITABLE FOR WEEKS . . . PERHAPS LONGER . . . ALL GABLED ROOFS WILL FAIL . . . ALL WOOD-FRAMED LOW RISING APARTMENT BUILDINGS WILL BE DESTROYED . . . WATER SHORTAGES WILL MAKE HUMAN SUFFERING INCREDIBLE BY MODERN STANDARDS . . . NATIVE TREES WILL BE SNAPPED OR UPROOTED . . . LIVESTOCK LEFT EXPOSED TO THE WINDS WILL BE KILLED . . . "
To comfort him during his forecasting assignment that day, and in the chaotic days immediately after, Ricks carried this Catholic rosary given to him by his grandmother. He later donated it to the Smithsonian as a symbol of his own perilous journey through the arms of Hurricane Katrina.
Location
Currently not on view
Associated Date
August - September 2005
user
Ricks, Robert
referenced
National Weather Service
ID Number
2006.0220.01
accession number
2006.0220
catalog number
2006.0220.01

Speed Square

A common carpenters tool, this 7 inch right-angle square is used for marking lines on lumber for saw cuts.
Description
A common carpenters tool, this 7 inch right-angle square is used for marking lines on lumber for saw cuts. It was used by Jillian Gross while working for Habitat for Humanity, a not-for-profit, non-government organization advocating affordable housing around the world.
When Hurricane Katrina struck the Gulf Coast in August 2005, Jillian Gross had worked with Habitat for Humanity for three years learning woodworking and house-building skills. Groups such as Habitat for Humanity marshaled volunteers, tools and lumber to step in when it became clear that normal avenues of housing assistance were overwhelmed.
In November 2005, Habitat for Humanity launched “America Builds on the National Mall,” a demonstration house-building marathon in Washington, D.C. in which the basic components of 51 homes were assembled within a week and shipped to the Gulf Coast. Upon completion of the project Ms. Gross, one of the house building leaders during this event, donated her tool belt, tools and protective wear to the Smithsonian Institution.
Location
Currently not on view
ID Number
2005.0276.14
accession number
2005.0276
catalog number
2005.0276.14

Sharpie Permanent Marker

This marker was used by Jillian Gross while working for Habitat for Humanity, a not-for-profit, non-government organization advocating affordable housing around the world.
Description
This marker was used by Jillian Gross while working for Habitat for Humanity, a not-for-profit, non-government organization advocating affordable housing around the world. The Sharpie® felt tip black permanent marker was made by Stanford Ink Company (as of 1990 part of Newell Rubbermaid).
When Hurricane Katrina struck the Gulf Coast in August 2005, Jillian Gross had worked with Habitat for Humanity for three years learning woodworking and house-building skills. Groups such as Habitat for Humanity marshaled volunteers, tools and lumber to step in when it became clear that normal avenues of housing assistance were overwhelmed.
In November 2005, Habitat for Humanity launched “America Builds on the National Mall,” a demonstration house-building marathon in Washington, D.C. in which the basic components of 51 homes were assembled within a week and shipped to the Gulf Coast. Upon completion of the project Ms. Gross, one of the house building leaders during this event, donated her tool belt, tools and protective wear to the Smithsonian Institution.
Location
Currently not on view
ID Number
2005.0276.37
catalog number
2005.0276.37
accession number
2005.0276

Work Trumpet

As more American volunteer fire fighting companies began to form during the late 18th century, a need emerged for better organized efforts in combating conflagrations.
Description (Brief)
As more American volunteer fire fighting companies began to form during the late 18th century, a need emerged for better organized efforts in combating conflagrations. Engineers and officers would use “speaking trumpets” to amplify their voices over the noise and commotion of a fire scene to direct the company in effectively fighting the blaze. Two trumpet variants are reflected in the collection: plain and functional “working” trumpets that were actively used at fires, and highly decorated “presentation” trumpets. Presentation trumpets were awarded to firefighters in honor of their service, or between fire companies during visits, competitions, and musters.
This brass work trumpet was in use around 1860-1870. The trumpet is fairly plain and lacks any inscriptions. There is one bulging band near the mouthpiece and two plain raised bands above the bell.
Location
Currently not on view
date made
1860-1870
maker
unknown
ID Number
2005.0233.0855
accession number
2005.0233
catalog number
2005.0233.0855

Work Trumpet

As more American volunteer fire fighting companies began to form during the late 18th century, a need emerged for better organized efforts in combating conflagrations.
Description (Brief)
As more American volunteer fire fighting companies began to form during the late 18th century, a need emerged for better organized efforts in combating conflagrations. Engineers and officers would use “speaking trumpets” to amplify their voices over the noise and commotion of a fire scene to direct the company in effectively fighting the blaze. Two trumpet variants are reflected in the collection: plain and functional “working” trumpets that were actively used at fires, and highly decorated “presentation” trumpets. Presentation trumpets were awarded to firefighters in honor of their service, or between fire companies during visits, competitions, and musters.
This brass trumpet dates to the 19th century. The trumpet is plain and unadorned with a vertical seam running along the shaft. The trumpet is painted black with signs of use through wear and tear.
Location
Currently not on view
date made
unknown
maker
unknown
ID Number
2005.0233.0895
accession number
2005.0233
catalog number
2005.0233.0895

Picture postcard, "Mission San Juan Capistrano, California"

This postcard view of Mission San Juan Capistrano was printed by the Curt Teich Company using photomechanical processes.
Description (Brief)
This postcard view of Mission San Juan Capistrano was printed by the Curt Teich Company using photomechanical processes. It was published about 1915 by Eno & Matteson in San Diego to coincide with the Panama-California Exposition.
The Chicago-based Curt Teich Company printed picture postcards between 1898 and 1978 along with many publishers. The firm used the term "Photochrom," later "Colortone," to describe its color printing processes.
Mission San Juan Capistrano, founded in 1776, is located southeast of Los Angeles. The seventh of twenty-one Spanish Franciscan missions built in California between 1769 and 1823, its purpose was to convert American Indians of the Luiseño tribe to Catholicism.
Today the mission serves as a parish chapel and a museum.
Location
Currently not on view
date made
ca 1915
publisher
Eno & Matteson
graphic artist
Curt Teich & Co.
ID Number
1986.0639.0610
accession number
1986.0639
catalog number
1986.639.0610

figure

Currently not on view
Location
Currently not on view
associated date
1850 - 1899
maker
Schimmel, Wilhelm
ID Number
CL.65.1091
accession number
256396
catalog number
65.1091

Billet Head

Currently not on view
Location
Currently not on view
date made
19th century
ID Number
CL.65.1122
accession number
256396
catalog number
65.1122

Picture postcard, "San Gabriel Mission, Founded 1771, San Gabriel, California"

This postcard view of San Gabriel Mission was printed using photomechanical processes by the California Postcard Company (1925-1935) in Los Angeles, California.Mission San Gabriel Arcángel was founded on September 8, 1771, near the city of Montebello, California.
Description (Brief)
This postcard view of San Gabriel Mission was printed using photomechanical processes by the California Postcard Company (1925-1935) in Los Angeles, California.
Mission San Gabriel Arcángel was founded on September 8, 1771, near the city of Montebello, California. The fourth of twenty-one Spanish Franciscan missions built in California between 1769 and 1823, it was established to convert American Indians of the Tongva tribe to Catholicism. The mission was moved in 1775 to its present location in Los Angeles County.
Today the mission includes a church and a museum.
Location
Currently not on view
date made
1925-1935
graphic artist
California Postcard Company
ID Number
1986.0639.0724
accession number
1986.0639
catalog number
1986.0639.0724

10 Jewish Songs

This song book for 10 Jewish songs, compiled by Jacob Weinberg. It was published by Bloch Publishing Co. of New York, New York in 1933.Currently not on view
Description
This song book for 10 Jewish songs, compiled by Jacob Weinberg. It was published by Bloch Publishing Co. of New York, New York in 1933.
Location
Currently not on view
publishing date
1933
publisher
Bloch Publishing & Printing Company
ID Number
1986.0961.07
accession number
1986.0961
catalog number
1986.0961.07

Sharpie Permanent Marker

This marker was used by Jillian Gross while working for Habitat for Humanity, a not-for-profit, non-government organization advocating affordable housing around the world.
Description
This marker was used by Jillian Gross while working for Habitat for Humanity, a not-for-profit, non-government organization advocating affordable housing around the world. The Sharpie® felt fine tip black permanent marker was made by Stanford Ink Company (as of 1990 part of Newell Rubbermaid).
When Hurricane Katrina struck the Gulf Coast in August 2005, Jillian Gross had worked with Habitat for Humanity for three years learning woodworking and house-building skills. Groups such as Habitat for Humanity marshaled volunteers, tools and lumber to step in when it became clear that normal avenues of housing assistance were overwhelmed.
In November 2005, Habitat for Humanity launched “America Builds on the National Mall,” a demonstration house-building marathon in Washington, D.C. in which the basic components of 51 homes were assembled within a week and shipped to the Gulf Coast. Upon completion of the project Ms. Gross, one of the house building leaders during this event, donated her tool belt, tools and protective wear to the Smithsonian Institution.
Location
Currently not on view
ID Number
2005.0276.38
catalog number
2005.0276.38
accession number
2005.0276

Picture postcard, "Mission Play Theatre Garden San Gabriel, California"

This postcard view of the Mission Play and Theatre Garden was printed by the Van Ornum Colorprint Company (1908-1921) and the M. Kashower Company (1914-1934) in Los Angeles, Calif. using photomechanical processes.
Description (Brief)
This postcard view of the Mission Play and Theatre Garden was printed by the Van Ornum Colorprint Company (1908-1921) and the M. Kashower Company (1914-1934) in Los Angeles, Calif. using photomechanical processes. The companies are examples of the many picture postcard publishing companies producing California landmark scenes during this period.
Dedicated on March 5th, 1927, the San Gabriel Mission Playhouse was originally established as the venue for the Mission Play by John Steven McGroarty. It tells the story of the founding of the California missions by Franciscan priests led by Fr. Junípero Serra.
Today the facility in San Gabriel continues to serve as a setting for a variety of cultural activities.
Location
Currently not on view
date made
1908-1921
graphic artist
Van Ornum Colorprint Co.
M. Kashower Co.
ID Number
1986.0639.0504
accession number
1986.0639
catalog number
1986.639.0504

Nail Pry Bar

The short flat pry bar is for pulling nails and light work such as prying paneling or molding. Both ends are curved and slotted to easily grab and pull the nail or use as a lever to pry off material.
Description
The short flat pry bar is for pulling nails and light work such as prying paneling or molding. Both ends are curved and slotted to easily grab and pull the nail or use as a lever to pry off material. It was used by Jillian Gross while working for Habitat for Humanity, a not-for-profit, non-government organization advocating affordable housing around the world.
When Hurricane Katrina struck the Gulf Coast in August 2005, Jillian Gross had worked with Habitat for Humanity for three years learning woodworking and house-building skills. Groups such as Habitat for Humanity marshaled volunteers, tools and lumber to step in when it became clear that normal avenues of housing assistance were overwhelmed.
In November 2005, Habitat for Humanity launched “America Builds on the National Mall,” a demonstration house-building marathon in Washington, D.C. in which the basic components of 51 homes were assembled within a week and shipped to the Gulf Coast. Upon completion of the project Ms. Gross, one of the house building leaders during this event, donated her tool belt, tools and protective wear to the Smithsonian Institution.
Location
Currently not on view
Associated Name
Habitat for Humanity
ID Number
2005.0276.03
catalog number
2005.0276.03
accession number
2005.0276

Wall with Roy Acuff Poster

Often called the "King of Country Music." Roy Acuff had a career that spanned many facets of the music business, as a performer and as the first publisher of country sheet music. His first break came with his recording of "The Great Speckled Bird," in 1936.
Description
Often called the "King of Country Music." Roy Acuff had a career that spanned many facets of the music business, as a performer and as the first publisher of country sheet music. His first break came with his recording of "The Great Speckled Bird," in 1936. In 1937, he became a regular member of the Grand Ole Opry, and his relationship with the Opry and its fans would last the rest of his life.
Location
Currently not on view
negative
1972
print
2003
recording artist
Acuff, Roy
maker
Horenstein, Henry
ID Number
2003.0169.110
catalog number
2003.0169.110
accession number
2003.0169

Silver Dollar Launching Coin

In the life of a ship, launching day is one of the most important. Mariners have long believed that a mishap during a vessel’s slide from land to water foretold disaster. If the transition went smoothly, however, it was cause for celebration.
Description
In the life of a ship, launching day is one of the most important. Mariners have long believed that a mishap during a vessel’s slide from land to water foretold disaster. If the transition went smoothly, however, it was cause for celebration. This silver dollar was given to shipwright Archie Green on such an occasion in 1942, after he and his fellow shipyard workers successfully launched a C3 cargo ship in San Francisco.
Launching ceremonies include various rituals, some of which are rooted in maritime traditions. The vessel is officially named on this day, and though not fully completed, it is ready to be moved from the yard into the water, where the final outfitting will be done. The ship is first "christened" by breaking a bottle over the bow, an honor usually performed by a woman associated with the vessel, such as the ship owner’s wife or daughter. As the last of the holding blocks are removed, the ship is released into the water by the launching gang, the crew responsible for ensuring the launch’s success.
Archie Green was born in Winnipeg, Canada, in 1917 and moved to Los Angeles with his parents in 1922. After graduating from the University of California, Berkeley, in 1939, he began to learn the shipbuilding trade at the San Francisco shipyards. When war broke out, he took part in the U.S. government-sponsored emergency shipbuilding program, which was established to offset the terrible losses of cargo ships by Nazi U-boats.
Drawing from lessons learned during the First World War, shipbuilders developed plans for standardized, prefabricated vessels that could be constructed in any shipyard in the nation. The most famous of these were the Liberty and Victory ships, which transported supplies and troops to Allied positions across the world. A type C3 ship, such as the one associated with this coin, was another design that produced a general-purpose vessel able to carry any cargo, but could also be modified for specific uses. Between 1939 and 1947, 465 of these ships were built in American shipyards.
Archie Green went on to earn a Ph.D. in folklore and devoted his scholarly and teaching career to workers’ culture and occupational traditions. He remained a member of the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America until his death in 2009.
date made
1923
shipwright
Green, Archie
Archie Green's college
University of California, Berkeley
ID Number
1994.0296.01
catalog number
1994.0296.01
accession number
1994.0296

Trotting Horse Weathervane

Depicting a trotting horse. Figure with a stylized tail and flowing mane. The metal has a body-sculptured effect. The metal support rod is attached between the front legs at the chest.Currently not on view
Description (Brief)
Depicting a trotting horse. Figure with a stylized tail and flowing mane. The metal has a body-sculptured effect. The metal support rod is attached between the front legs at the chest.
Location
Currently not on view
Date made
1850-1900
ID Number
CL.65.0923
catalog number
65.923
accession number
261195
collector/donor number
T-15

Picture postcard, "San Diego Mission Palm, Serra Monument in background, Old Town, San Diego, Cal."

This postcard view of the San Diego Mission Palm and the Serra Monument was printed in about 1915 by the H. L. Christiance company in San Diego, Calif. using photomechanical processes.H. L. Christiance was an expert photographer working for the Edward H.
Description (Brief)
This postcard view of the San Diego Mission Palm and the Serra Monument was printed in about 1915 by the H. L. Christiance company in San Diego, Calif. using photomechanical processes.
H. L. Christiance was an expert photographer working for the Edward H. Mitchell Company in San Francisco before publishing his own postcards in San Diego.
The postcard image shows one of the four palm trees planted around the time of the founding of the mission in 1769. Two of the four were displayed at the Chicago World’s Fair in 1892 as part of the Horticulture Gardens exhibit.
Mission San Diego de Alcalá, situated in what is now called Mission Valley, was the first mission founded by Fr. Junípero Serra in 1769. It was the the first of twenty-one Spanish Franciscan missions built in California between 1769 and 1823, and was founded to convert American Indians of the Kumeyaay tribe to Catholicism.
Today the mission buildings include a parish church.
Location
Currently not on view
date made
ca 1915
graphic artist
H. L. Christiance Company
ID Number
1986.0639.0672
accession number
1986.0639
catalog number
1986.639.0672

Picture postcard, "Interior San Fernando Mission, Founded 1797, San Fernando, California"

This postcard view of Mission San Fernando was printed by the Van Ornum Colorprint Company in Los Angeles, Calif. in about 1910, using photomechanical processes.
Description (Brief)
This postcard view of Mission San Fernando was printed by the Van Ornum Colorprint Company in Los Angeles, Calif. in about 1910, using photomechanical processes. The Van Ornum Colorprint Company (1908-1921) was one of many picture postcard publishing companies producing California landmark scenes.
Mission San Fernando was founded in 1797, in the San Fernando Valley. It was the seventeenth of twenty-one Spanish Franciscan missions to be established in California between 1769 and 1823, and was built to convert American Indians of the Tataviam and Tongva tribes to Catholicism.
Today it serves as a working parish chapel and a museum.
Location
Currently not on view
date made
1908-1921
graphic artist
Van Ornum Colorprint Co.
ID Number
1986.0639.491
accession number
1986.0639
catalog number
1986.0639.491

Juki industrial sewing machine

This Juki industrial sewing machine was used in a suburban El Monte, California sweatshop.
Description
This Juki industrial sewing machine was used in a suburban El Monte, California sweatshop. Law enforcement officers seized the sewing machine during a well-publicized 1995 sweatshop raid and is part of a larger Smithsonian collection of artifacts documenting apparel industry sweatshops, focusing on the El Monte operation. The El Monte sweatshop, like the Triangle Shirtwaist fire in 1911 earlier, took on an iconic role as government and activists used media coverage to galvanize the American public into action.
On August 2, 1995, police officers raided a fenced seven-unit apartment complex in El Monte, California. They arrested eight operators of a clandestine garment sweatshop and freed 72 workers who were being forced to sew garments in virtual captivity. Smuggled from Thailand into the United States, the laborers’ plight brought a national spotlight to domestic sweatshop production and resulted in increased enforcement by federal and state labor agencies. The publicity of the El Monte raid also put added pressure on the apparel industry to reform its labor and business practices domestically and internationally.
date made
1974 - 1995
ID Number
1996.0292.29a
accession number
1996.0292
catalog number
1996.0292.29a

Tex Ritter and Fans

Henry Horenstein's photograph of this multigenerational crowd shows that fans of country music are not defined by age, but rather by choice of performers and styles of country music.
Description
Henry Horenstein's photograph of this multigenerational crowd shows that fans of country music are not defined by age, but rather by choice of performers and styles of country music. Although Tex Ritter (Woodward Maurice Ritter, 1905-1975) attained most of his fame as a Hollywood singing cowboy in the 1930s and 1940s, he still performed into the 1970s. Ritter won an Academy Award in 1953 for the best theme song, "High Noon," for the movie of the same name.
Location
Currently not on view
print
2003
maker
Horenstein, Henry
ID Number
2003.0169.063
accession number
2003.0169
catalog number
2003.0169.063

Picture postcard, "San Carlos Mission, Monterey, California. Founded 1770"

This postcard view of Mission San Carlos was printed by the Detroit Publishing Company in about 1910, using a copyrighted photolithographic process called "Photostint."The company, previously known as the Detroit Photographic Company, was first listed in Detroit city directories
Description (Brief)
This postcard view of Mission San Carlos was printed by the Detroit Publishing Company in about 1910, using a copyrighted photolithographic process called "Photostint."
The company, previously known as the Detroit Photographic Company, was first listed in Detroit city directories in 1888. Its manager, William A. Livingstone, invited famous landscape photographer William Henry Jackson to join the company as a partner in 1897. Jackson brought with him his own photographic images, which would be used by the company.
Mission San Carlos Borroméo del rio Carmelo is located near the town of Monterey, the original capital of Spanish and later Mexican California. Mission San Carlos was the second of twenty-one Spanish Franciscan missions established in California between 1769 and 1823, and was built to convert American Indians of the Esselen and Ohlone, or Costanoan, tribes to Catholicism.
Today the mission serves as a parish church.
Location
Currently not on view
date made
ca 1910
graphic artist
Detroit Publishing Co.
ID Number
1986.0639.2053
accession number
1986.0639
catalog number
1986.639.2053

Kitty Wells

The "Queen of Country Music," Kitty Wells, (Ellen Muriel Deason, b. 1918) emerged in 1952 as the first female country vocalist to win and sustain major stardom.
Description
The "Queen of Country Music," Kitty Wells, (Ellen Muriel Deason, b. 1918) emerged in 1952 as the first female country vocalist to win and sustain major stardom. Her release, "It Wasn't God Who Made Honky Tonk Angels,"--a lyrical response to Hank Thompson's "The Wild Side of Life"--was a hit. Wells and her husband, Johnny Wright, continued to work a full schedule well into the 1990s.
Location
Currently not on view
negative
1983
print
2003
maker
Horenstein, Henry
ID Number
2003.0169.073
accession number
2003.0169
catalog number
2003.0169.073

Presentation Trumpet, "Thomas Baird"

As more American volunteer fire fighting companies began to form during the late 18th century, a need emerged for better organized efforts in combating conflagrations.
Description (Brief)
As more American volunteer fire fighting companies began to form during the late 18th century, a need emerged for better organized efforts in combating conflagrations. Engineers and officers would use “speaking trumpets” to amplify their voices over the noise and commotion of a fire scene to direct the company in effectively fighting the blaze. Two trumpet variants are reflected in the collection: plain and functional “working” trumpets that were actively used at fires, and highly decorated “presentation” trumpets. Presentation trumpets were awarded to firefighters in honor of their service, or between fire companies during visits, competitions, and musters.
This silver plated brass trumpet was likely made during the late 19th century. The trumpet is decorated with an elaborate floral repoussé pattern. The center of the shaft has four raised images on each quadrant of the trumpet, two flaming torches on opposite sides, a fire helmet, and a fire hydrant. There are two rings protruding from the shaft that allowed a cord to be attached. The trumpet’s bell has two large cartouches on opposite sides. One contains an engraved image of a man driving a pair of horses pulling a steam engine. The other contains the inscription “Presented to/ Thomas Baird/ Assistant Engineer/ LVFD/ by his/ Intimate Friends.” There is also an engraving of two crossed ladders behind a shield-shaped cartouche on opposite sides of the bell.
Location
Currently not on view
date made
unknown
maker
unknown
ID Number
2005.0233.0901
accession number
2005.0233
catalog number
2005.0233.0901

Work Trumpet

As more American volunteer fire fighting companies began to form during the late 18th century, a need emerged for better organized efforts in combating conflagrations.
Description (Brief)
As more American volunteer fire fighting companies began to form during the late 18th century, a need emerged for better organized efforts in combating conflagrations. Engineers and officers would use “speaking trumpets” to amplify their voices over the noise and commotion of a fire scene to direct the company in effectively fighting the blaze. Two trumpet variants are reflected in the collection: plain and functional “working” trumpets that were actively used at fires, and highly decorated “presentation” trumpets. Presentation trumpets were awarded to firefighters in honor of their service, or between fire companies during visits, competitions, and musters.
This brass and copper work trumpet was used during the 19th century. The brass shaft has been painted black, and a copper bell is attached to the bottom.
Location
Currently not on view
date made
unknown
maker
unknown
ID Number
2005.0233.0871
accession number
2005.0233
catalog number
2005.0233.0871

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