National Quilt Collection

"Quilt": A cover or garment made by putting wool, cotton or other substance between two cloths and sewing them together. An American Dictionary of the English Language, by Noah Webster, LL.D., New York 1828. 

The National Quilt Collection incorporates quilts from various ethnic groups and social classes, for quilts are not the domain of a specific race or class, but can be a part of anyone’s heritage and treasured as such. Whether of rich or humble fabrics, large in size or small, expertly crafted or not, well-worn or pristine, quilts in the National Quilt Collection provide a textile narrative that contributes to America’s complex and diverse history. The variety and scope of the collection provides a rich resource for researchers, artists, quilt-makers and others. 

Part of the Division of Home and Community Life textiles collection, the National Quilt Collection had its beginnings in the 1890s. Three quilts were included in a larger collection of 18th- and 19th-century household and costume items donated by John Brenton Copp of Stonington, Connecticut. From this early beginning, the collection has grown to more than 500 quilts and quilt-related items, mainly of American origin, with examples from many states, including Alaska and Hawaii. Most of the contributions have come to the Museum as gifts, and many of those are from the quilt-makers’ families. The collection illustrates needlework techniques, materials, fabric designs and processes, styles and patterns used for quilt-making in the past 250 years. The collection also documents the work of specific quilt-makers and commemorates events in American history. 

Learn more about the quilt collection and step behind the scenes with a video tour.

Date: 1860s

1850 Mary Walcott's Pieced Quilt

Mary L. Walcott constructed this quilt based on the “Wild Goose Chase” pattern using only plain red and polka-dotted red and white cottons. It is quilted at 7-8 stitches/inch using grid and chevron patterns. She made this quilt about the time her son, Charles D.
Description
Mary L. Walcott constructed this quilt based on the “Wild Goose Chase” pattern using only plain red and polka-dotted red and white cottons. It is quilted at 7-8 stitches/inch using grid and chevron patterns. She made this quilt about the time her son, Charles D. Walcott, was born. In 1907 he became the fourth Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.
Location
Currently not on view
date made
1840-1860
maker
Walcott, Mary L.
ID Number
TE.T04592
accession number
69191
catalog number
T04592

1840 - 1860 Rachel Burr Corwin's "Variable Star" Quilt

This “Variable Star” quilt, quite well worn, was found inside another quilt (TE*T07116.00A) in the Collection. Rachel Burr Corwin of Middle Hope in Orange County, New York, fashioned this quilt alternating 8-inch pieced blocks with 8-inch floral, roller-printed cotton squares.
Description
This “Variable Star” quilt, quite well worn, was found inside another quilt (TE*T07116.00A) in the Collection. Rachel Burr Corwin of Middle Hope in Orange County, New York, fashioned this quilt alternating 8-inch pieced blocks with 8-inch floral, roller-printed cotton squares. The same floral print was used for the 7-inch borders. The lining, plain-weave cotton, is plate-printed in blue with long-tailed birds, small birds, peonies and other flowers, a late 18th-century design. The quilting, 5-6 stitches per inch, consists of diagonal lines ¾-inch apart in opposite directions on alternate blocks.
Rachel Burr, daughter of Samuel Burr and Sibyl Scudder Burr of Massachusetts, was born March 3, 1788. She married Samuel Corwin of Orange County, New York, October 14, 1809. They had four children. Needlework examples by one of their daughters, Celia, are also in the Collection. Rachel Burr Corwin died March 14, 1849, in Orange County, New York.
Location
Currently not on view
date made
1840-1860
maker
Corwin, Rachel Burr
ID Number
TE.T07116.00B
accession number
121578
catalog number
T07116B

1840 - 1860 Susan Ladson McPherson's Appliqued Quilt

“It [quilt] was made 125 years ago in Charleston, S.C., by my great-grandmother, Susan Ladson McPherson. It is in perfect condition as it has evidently never been used, only hoarded as an heirloom.
Description
“It [quilt] was made 125 years ago in Charleston, S.C., by my great-grandmother, Susan Ladson McPherson. It is in perfect condition as it has evidently never been used, only hoarded as an heirloom. I have no daughter to leave it to and it is too large and elaborate for everyday use.” So wrote the donor in 1943.
The original quilt had the center floral wreath encircled by rose vines with a few appliqued flowers around the edge. At a later point appliques were removed (evidenced by many needle-holes) and others added to the center (scrolled frames and vases of flowers) as well as roller-printed cotton borders.
Location
Currently not on view
date made
1840-1860
maker
McPherson, Susan Ladson
ID Number
TE.T08886
accession number
165195
catalog number
T08886

1860 - 1865 Mary Lord's Civil War Quilt

“This quilt was made in Nashville Tenn. I began just before the Civil War, the day Tenn. seceded I stitched the U.S.
Description
“This quilt was made in Nashville Tenn. I began just before the Civil War, the day Tenn. seceded I stitched the U.S. Flag in the center of the quilt, my father being a loyal man he had to leave home or be forced in the Confederate service, I carried the quilt through the rebel lines to the federal to Cincinnati we remained in Cincinnati until the fall of Fort Donelson then we returned home to Nashville. After the battle of Stone River Gen’l Rosecrans suggested I make an autograph quilt of it & at his headquaters [sic] his was the first name placed in the flag and the second was James A. Garfield and most of his Staff Officers names were placed around the flag. Gen’l Winfield Scott in 1863 at West Point wrote his name. I was visiting my Brother who was a Cadet at the Point. `Then Abraham Lincoln 1863 his son Robert Lincoln in 1881. P.H. Sheridan U.S. Grant Brig Gen’l L. Thomas Adjt Gen’l U.S.A. Maj Gen’l George H. Thomas Benj F Butler Chester A. Arthur. S. H. Wilson. Gen H. W. Blair W. T. Sherman J. St. Clair Morton. Jas McLear Horace Maynard. Col Bowman Supt West Point 1863. Jas S Negley. A McDowell McCook J.A. Garfield Chief of Staff. Jas McKibben. Col Arthur Ducat. C. G. Harker. W.WS. Averill Wm McKinley. Nelson N Miles. Leland Stanford. Theodore Roosevelt. Sen Jos R. Hawley. This quilt was saluted by 20000 troops at the funeral of Pres Lincoln. Hung over the East door of the rotunda when Pres Garfield’s body lay in State, has been hung out at different Inaugurations. It has the line of Gen’ls & Lt Gen’ls. It has other names but these are the most prominent. The different ones that have had charge of it when on exhibition have not been very careful with it. I have never thought of disposing of it, but having lost my home through fire, I wish to rebuld [sic] & this is the only way I can see to raise money. Mary A. Lord.”
Mary Hughes Lord’s undated description of her own quilt.
Among the “prominent” signatures on Mary’s quilt is that of James Morton, who gave her the album in which she kept her photograph as well as those of family and friends, and many of Civil War soldiers. James was killed at the battle of Petersburg, Virginia, on June 17, 1864, but Mary saved his letters and official service documents.
Mary Hughes was born in Nashville in 1848. She was seventeen years old in May 1865 when she married Henry Edward Lord, who had served in Tennessee with the Indiana Volunteers (1861-1864). They lived in his home in Brooklyn, New York, and later in the Washington, D.C., area. Mary died in Baltimore, Maryland, in 1926. Her quilt was never sold, but instead passed to her daughter, who brought it to the Museum in 1943.
Location
Currently not on view
date made
1860-1865
maker
Lord, Mary Alice Hughes
ID Number
TE.T08900
accession number
166550
catalog number
T08900

1850 - 1860 Margaret Day's Album Quilt

Forty-nine blocks make up this mid-19th-century example of an album quilt. According to the family information it was made in Washington, D.C., for Margaret Day when she moved to Baltimore, Maryland.
Description
Forty-nine blocks make up this mid-19th-century example of an album quilt. According to the family information it was made in Washington, D.C., for Margaret Day when she moved to Baltimore, Maryland. The blocks are appliquéd mainly with floral motifs, but there are also a few patriotic blocks with American flags and an eagle. Seven blocks have initials. The quilt is cotton-filled, lined, and quilted.
Location
Currently not on view
date made
1850-1860
maker
unknown
ID Number
TE.T12658
accession number
237129
catalog number
T12658

1840 - 1860 "Pineapple" Quilt

The pineapple motif, often associated with hospitality, was pieced-and-appliqued on sixteen 13-inch white blocks for this mid-19th century quilt. The blocks are framed by appliqued swags with small pineapples and buds, also of orange and green cottons.
Description
The pineapple motif, often associated with hospitality, was pieced-and-appliqued on sixteen 13-inch white blocks for this mid-19th century quilt. The blocks are framed by appliqued swags with small pineapples and buds, also of orange and green cottons. According to family information, it was made by the great-great-great aunt of the donor, unfortunately no name was given.
Location
Currently not on view
date made
1840-1860
maker
unknown
ID Number
TE.T12694
accession number
237884
catalog number
T12694

1840 - 1860 Appliqued Quilt

The floral bouquet focal point of this mid-19th century appliqued quilt was probably from a panel printed especially for use as a cushion cover or quilt center.
Description
The floral bouquet focal point of this mid-19th century appliqued quilt was probably from a panel printed especially for use as a cushion cover or quilt center. The circular 24½-inch center is surrounded by appliqued sprays of flowers and framed by three 6” cotton borders; two roller-printed borders and one white. There may have been a fourth quilted border, part of which remains stitched to the present outer printed border, but later it was folded to the back and stitched for a binding.
The donor gave this quilt to the Museum in honor of her aunt who “rescued” the quilt. “I think it would be a shame to have it hidden away from those who appreciate our heritage and admire beautiful needlework. It would no doubt have been destroyed . . . .”
Location
Currently not on view
date made
1840-1860
maker
unknown
ID Number
TE.T12902
accession number
244077
catalog number
T12902

1845 - 1860 Patience Ramsey's "Rose Tree" Quilt

Patience Ramsey was 13 years old when she made this complex quilt, according to family information. The twelve “Rose Tree” circles were constructed almost completely in curved piecing with only small appliqued leaves at the tops of the rosebuds.
Description
Patience Ramsey was 13 years old when she made this complex quilt, according to family information. The twelve “Rose Tree” circles were constructed almost completely in curved piecing with only small appliqued leaves at the tops of the rosebuds. The white circular “blocks” are pieced of several sections (all in the same arrangement). It is quilted (10 stitches per inch) in a diamond pattern.
Patience Ramsey was born in Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania, in 1832. She married William Gutshall and they had thirteen children. She died in 1880. This quilt and another in the Collection were donated by her granddaughter about 100 years after Patience stitched them.
Location
Currently not on view
date made
1845-1860
maker
Ramsey, Patience
ID Number
TE.T13210
accession number
250982
catalog number
T13210

1840 - 1860 Floral Appliqued Quilt

This well-balanced medallion quilt is important for the fabrics used. Cut segments from four different roller-printed cottons produced in the 1830s and 1840s were utilized to create the overall design.
Description
This well-balanced medallion quilt is important for the fabrics used. Cut segments from four different roller-printed cottons produced in the 1830s and 1840s were utilized to create the overall design. The center panel, 57-inches x 57-inches, is appliqued with four large floral wreaths, small baskets and sprays of flowers. It is framed by two 7½-inch floral stripe borders and a 14-inch white border appliqued with small baskets, sprays of flowers, and four eagles, one in each corner. Outline quilting accentuates each of the appliqued motifs on this mid-19th century quilt.
Location
Currently not on view
date made
1840-1860
maker
unknown
ID Number
TE.T13499
accession number
252487
catalog number
T13499

1864 Mary Seamans's Album Quilt

Friends of Mary Elizabeth Hitchcock Seamans created this quilt of fifty-six 9½-inch blocks, possibly on the occasion of her marriage to Stephen Harris Seamans in 1864, or possibly before they left for Wisconsin.
Description
Friends of Mary Elizabeth Hitchcock Seamans created this quilt of fifty-six 9½-inch blocks, possibly on the occasion of her marriage to Stephen Harris Seamans in 1864, or possibly before they left for Wisconsin. All but 8 of the blocks contain either embroidered or inked names of friends and family.
The blocks are made of printed and white cottons in the “Friendship Chain,” or “Album,” pattern. The border has machine-stitched initials “MES,” a back-stitched date “May 4th,” and the hand quilted year “1864.” One block has a tiny pair of embroidered mittens which according to the family represented a suitor Mary had rejected; she had “given him the mitten,” a phrase popular in the 19th century.
This Album Quilt is one of three quilts donated from the same family.
Location
Currently not on view
date made
1864
1869
maker
unknown
ID Number
TE.T13542
catalog number
T13542
accession number
257115

1860 - 1869 Cynthia Hobby's Pieced and Appliqued Quilt

“Pieced by Cynthia Hobby in her 90th year” is the inscription prominently quilted in the center block of this quilt, a variation of the “Meadow Lily” pattern. The quilt is composed of thirty 12-inch blocks, with a 4-inch border.
Description
“Pieced by Cynthia Hobby in her 90th year” is the inscription prominently quilted in the center block of this quilt, a variation of the “Meadow Lily” pattern. The quilt is composed of thirty 12-inch blocks, with a 4-inch border. One pieced block has the quilted name “Emily Seamans,” and another the name “Julia F. Seamans.” In the border are the quilted names: “S H Seamans,” M E Seamans,” “J A H Fay,” and the date “March 1869.”
Two of the plain blocks include a quilted outline of a small hand; one with “M” for Millie (1865-1956) and the other “J” for Julia (1867-1960). They were the great-granddaughters of Cynthia Hobby. “We can remember reaching over the edge of the quilting frame to have the outlines of our hands made.” (Family information.)
The quilting was done in 1869 by Mary Elizabeth Hitchcock Seamans (1839-1881) and her sister Julia Ann Fay. Mary married Cynthia Hobby’s grandson, Stephen Harris Seamans, Jr., in 1864.
Cynthia Husted Hobby was born September 22, 1770. She married Squire Hobby (1766-1811). Cynthia died April 5, 1863 a few years after she pieced this quilt at age 90.
This family textile document is one of three quilts donated by the same family.
Location
Currently not on view
date made
1860-1869
maker
Seamans, Mary Elizabeth
Fay, Julia Ann
Hobby, Cynthia
ID Number
TE.T13543
catalog number
T13543
accession number
257115

1860-1869 Cynthia Hobby's "Poppy" Quilt

A poppy motif dominates this pieced, appliqued and embroidered quilt, probably assembled by Cynthia Hobby (1770-1863) and quilted by her granddaughter Mary Elizabeth Hitchcock Seamans (1839-1881).
Description
A poppy motif dominates this pieced, appliqued and embroidered quilt, probably assembled by Cynthia Hobby (1770-1863) and quilted by her granddaughter Mary Elizabeth Hitchcock Seamans (1839-1881). Twenty-five 15½-inch blocks are framed by a 9-inch border that has appliqued clusters of cherries with leafy stems and is edged with pieced sawtooth bands. Fine quilting, 12 stitches per inch, outlines all the appliqued motifs. Diagonal grid and diagonal line quilting further enhance the blocks and border on this well designed quilt.
This is one of three quilts donated by the same family.
Location
Currently not on view
date made
1860-1869
maker
Hobby, Cynthia
ID Number
TE.T13544
catalog number
T13544
accession number
257115

1855 - 1865 Sara Ann Mellon's Appliqued Quilt

According to family information, Sara Ann Mellon crafted this quilt before her marriage to Robert Dickey in 1864. Nine 16-inch blocks are appliqued with stylized star flowers, oak leaves, and sprigs of berries. The berry stems are accentuated with chain stitch embroidery.
Description
According to family information, Sara Ann Mellon crafted this quilt before her marriage to Robert Dickey in 1864. Nine 16-inch blocks are appliqued with stylized star flowers, oak leaves, and sprigs of berries. The berry stems are accentuated with chain stitch embroidery. It was said that the meandering vine in the border was stitched with a hand-turned sewing machine, all the other stitching is by hand.
Sara Ann Mellon was born February 18, 1841 in Cameron, Marshall County, Virginia (now West Virginia). She married Robert Dickey (1836-1909), a veteran of the 6th West Virginia Infantry. He enlisted in 1861. Severely wounded in the summer of 1864, he was discharged in the fall. He and Sara married December 22, 1864, in Greene County, Pennsylvania. They had three children: George W., Clara, and John H. Sara died in 1927.
Location
Currently not on view
date made
1855-1865
maker
Mellon, Sara Ann
ID Number
TE.T13666
catalog number
T13666
accession number
262261

1850 - 1860 Elizabeth Weeks Johnson's "Oak Leaf" Appliqued Quilt

A Vermont quilter, Elizabeth Johnson, fashioned this oak themed quilt in the mid-19th century. The 11½-inch blocks are appliqued with flowers and buds and set diagonally with 11½-inch white blocks that are crossed by appliqued bands of rose, green, and pale green.
Description
A Vermont quilter, Elizabeth Johnson, fashioned this oak themed quilt in the mid-19th century. The 11½-inch blocks are appliqued with flowers and buds and set diagonally with 11½-inch white blocks that are crossed by appliqued bands of rose, green, and pale green. These are framed by a 5½-inch border appliqued with oak leaves. At some point the quilt may have been altered, one side removed and then reset on the cut-down quilt.
Elizabeth (Betsey) Weeks was born on January 18, 1773 in Vermont. She married James Brown Johnson and they lived in Benson, Rutland Co., Vermont. They had one daughter, Relief (1800-1847). According to family information, Elizabeth died on July 31, 1861. She is buried in the Old Benson Cemetery, Vermont. The donor is Elizabeth’s great, great granddaughter.
Location
Currently not on view
date made
1850-1860
maker
Weeks, Elizabeth Betsey
ID Number
TE.T13671
accession number
261168
catalog number
T13671

1800 - 1810 New England Wool Quilt

This quilt is composed of ten-inch squares of plain-colored woolen fabrics. Many are made of several pieces of fabric stitched together. The lining is initialed “H.D.” and has a very blurry oval stamp, from the U.S. Sanitary Commission.
Description
This quilt is composed of ten-inch squares of plain-colored woolen fabrics. Many are made of several pieces of fabric stitched together. The lining is initialed “H.D.” and has a very blurry oval stamp, from the U.S. Sanitary Commission. It is quilted with horizontal and vertical lines, 1 inch apart, 6 stitches/inch.
The quilt was cut down and covered in 1864 by a pieced cotton top made in Amherst, Massachusetts. The top contains many, mainly religious, inscriptions. (TE*T14021.00B) The top was at one time quilted to this older quilt, and the finished product was sent to a Union army hospital during the Civil War.
Location
Currently not on view
date made
1800-1810
maker
unknown
ID Number
TE.T14021.00A
accession number
272176
catalog number
T14021A

1864 Civil War Album Quilt Top

Three hundred eighty-four 3 ¾-inch squares of printed and plain white cottons were used to create this quilt top. The plain white squares were all inscribed in ink by many different hands.
Description
Three hundred eighty-four 3 ¾-inch squares of printed and plain white cottons were used to create this quilt top. The plain white squares were all inscribed in ink by many different hands. Several squares are dated “June 1864” and some state a place, “Amherst, Mass.” Most squares contain religious messages, but some secular inscriptions are evident: “Three cheers for the Red, white & blue 1864” “God save Gen. Grant and his brave men” and "A remembrance from the children of Amherst June 1864."
On July 1, 1864, the "Hampshire and Franklin Express" published the following note (p. 2) under "LATEST WAR NEWS":
"Album Bed-quilts"
"The Ladies Soldiers' Aid Society of this village [Amherst, Mass] are making quite a number of small hospital quilts, of patch-work, on every square of which is most neatly written in indelible ink, a sentiment of sympathy, a verse of scripture, or a choice scrap of poetry or prose, and are altogether, very beautiful articles, and cannot fail to be comforting to the wounded soldier to decipher, as he lies on his weary couch of pain."
The pieced top was used to cover an older wool quilt (TE*T14021.00A) and the finished product was sent to a Union army hospital during the Civil War.
Location
Currently not on view
date made
1864
maker
unknown
ID Number
TE.T14021.00B
accession number
272176
catalog number
T14021B

1840 - 1860 Horatio G. Coykendall's Whitework Quilt

This well-worn, white-work quilt bears an inked inscription: “Picked up by Horatio G. Coykendall Lieut. And Adj. 18th Wis.
Description
This well-worn, white-work quilt bears an inked inscription: “Picked up by Horatio G. Coykendall Lieut. And Adj. 18th Wis. Infty in South Carolina during Shermans March to the sea.” Donated by his granddaughter in 1970, she wrote: “My grandfather was a captain serving until Sherman and was on Shermans march thru Georgia to the sea. This quilt was picked up on this campaign and he has written in one corner this fact.”
The quilt is stuffed and corded. A center motif of crossed sprays of narrow-leaved vines is encircled by a meandering vine with leaves and clusters of berries. A 12-inch band of diagonal grid quilting frames the design.
Horatio G. Coykendall was born December 7, 1840, in Peoria County, Illinois. He served in several Illinois and Wisconsin military units during the Civil War. According to a Memoriam published by the Military Order of Loyal Legion of the United States Minnesota Commandery (Circular No. 7 Series 1906), he fought in many campaigns including Lexington, Shiloh, and the siege of Vicksburg. After the war he was involved in railroad building and was described as a man “of an iron will and great energy of character, which made for success in business . . . In the home life he was exemplary, kindly and sympathetic, a consistent Christian and worthy citizen.” He died at Rochester, Minnesota, March 22, 1906.
Location
Currently not on view
date made
1840-1860
maker
unknown
ID Number
TE.T15263.00S
catalog number
T15263S
accession number
292228

1840 - 1860 Block-printed Cotton Quilt

The top of this quilt is cotton, block printed and painted in England or France in the late 18th century. The floral, tree, and bird motifs were popular for fabrics at that time.
Description
The top of this quilt is cotton, block printed and painted in England or France in the late 18th century. The floral, tree, and bird motifs were popular for fabrics at that time. Probably the fabric was originally used for bed furniture that included curtains at the sides, head, and foot, enclosing the whole bed. When these sets became worn, faded, or out-dated, the fabric was frequently recycled. The floral-designed, roller-printed fabric used for the lining is from the mid-19th century.
Location
Currently not on view
date made
1840-1860
maker
unknown
ID Number
TE.T16394.000
catalog number
T16394
accession number
303663
1973.303663

1840 - 1860 Imitation Patchwork Quilt

Lengths of fabric, printed to imitate patchwork, were used to make this mid-19th century quilt.
Description
Lengths of fabric, printed to imitate patchwork, were used to make this mid-19th century quilt. Cotton was roller-printed in blue, brown, red-brown, and olive drab to make up the pattern for the simulated patchwork also referred to as “cheater cloth.” The quilt is lined with white cotton fabric and is quilted.
Location
Currently not on view
date made
1840-1860
maker
unknown
ID Number
TE.T17330
catalog number
T17330
accession number
321804

1840 - 1860 "LeMoyne Star" Pieced Quilt

Thirty-five blocks, 8-inches square, are pieced in the “Lemoyne Star” pattern. They are set diagonally with twenty-four 8-inch squares of the same floral printed cotton. All four sides are finished with large triangles of printed cottons.
Description
Thirty-five blocks, 8-inches square, are pieced in the “Lemoyne Star” pattern. They are set diagonally with twenty-four 8-inch squares of the same floral printed cotton. All four sides are finished with large triangles of printed cottons. On one end is an 8½-inch border of the same floral print as the squares. Quilting patterns include outline on the pieced squares; parallel lines and 1½-inch diagonal grid on the un-pieced squares; and, clamshell on the border. It is quilted 8 stitches per inch. The quilt is an interesting combination of mid-19th century roller printed cottons.
Location
Currently not on view
date made
1840-1860
maker
unknown
ID Number
TE.T17350.000
catalog number
T17350.000
accession number
321804

1840 - 1860 Slothower Family's Appliqued Quilt

Also known as the “Seamstresses’ Quilt,” this red and green example of mid-19th century quilting was in the George Slothower family of Baltimore County, Maryland. He was a wholesale dry goods merchant and the owner of two cotton mills: the Powhatan and Pocahontas Mills.
Description
Also known as the “Seamstresses’ Quilt,” this red and green example of mid-19th century quilting was in the George Slothower family of Baltimore County, Maryland. He was a wholesale dry goods merchant and the owner of two cotton mills: the Powhatan and Pocahontas Mills. Apparently at the time this quilt was crafted, resident seamstresses, usually of German or Dutch origin, made the family clothing and most likely this quilt.
The center basket of flowers is framed by floral-and-leaf panels and borders, each accented with red saw-tooth bands. Echo quilting highlights each of the motifs on this appliquéd quilt.
Location
Currently not on view
date made
1840-1860
maker
unknown
ID Number
TE.T17989
accession number
323475
catalog number
T17989

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