A nitrometer determines the amount of nitrogen in a substance. Walter Crum, a practical chemist in Glasgow, published an account of the nitrogen reaction in 1847. George Lunge, a German chemist working in Zurich, described a practical nitrometer in 1878.
Ref: Walter Crum, “On a Method for the Analysis of Bodies containing Nitric Acid, and its application to Explosive Cotton,” Philosophical Magazine 30 (1847): 426-431.
W. C. Cope and J. Barab, “Application of the Nitrometer for the Determination of Constitution and Estimation of Nitrogen in a Class of Nitrocompounds (Nitroamines),” Journal of the American Chemical Society 38 (1916): 2552-2558.
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