Texas Instruments Model 994A Personal Computer
Texas Instruments Model 99/4A Personal Computer
Usage conditions apply
- Description
- When the TI-99/4a was introduced in 1981, Texas Instruments claimed it was both "a major breakthrough in computer technology," and, probably more important, the "lowest priced, 16-bit computer available." It cost only $525. The TI 99/4a was a redesign of the TI-99/4 system, which had been a market failure and was discontinued. The new machine sold well, but by August 1982, TI was falling behind its competitors, especially Commodore. So it began offering a $100 rebate on the TI-99/4a. It quickly became the best-selling home computer in America, controlling, by the end of 1982, approximately 35% of the market--150,000 machines a month.
- In February 1983, TI cut the price to $150, and then in June 1983, it offered a plastic version of the TI-99/4a for less than $100. But now it had gone too far. It was selling computers for less than cost, resulting in a second quarter loss of $100 million.
- The TI-99/4a operated on a TI TMS99000 at 3 MHz and included 16 KB of RAM and 26 KB of ROM. The computer included a RS-232 interface card and a 32K memory expansion card as well as a Data Storage cassette. Texas Instruments controlled the development of software for the machine and offered only around 300 titles. These did not include many of the most popular programs of the time.
- Initially, the only way to expand the machine was to use a port on the right side of the console. Peripherals could extend out several feet. To remedy the situation TI released a more convenient Peripheral Expansion Box (PEB) and, surprisingly, sold 250,000 units at $1,475.00 each--far more than the cost of the computer.
- Eventually Texas Instruments sold over 2.5 million units of the TI-99/4A. However the company decided that computers were not a promising business and dropped out of the PC market in 1984.
- Location
- Currently not on view
- Object Name
- microcomputer
- Date made
- 1981-1984
- maker
- Texas Instruments
- Physical Description
- plastic (overall material)
- metal (overall material)
- Measurements
- average spatial: 5.7 cm x 3.81 cm x 2.6 cm; 2 1/4 in x 1 1/2 in x 1 in
- ID Number
- 1990.0494.01
- catalog number
- 1990.0494.01
- accession number
- 1990.0494
- Credit Line
- Scott and Shane Briscoe
- See more items in
- Medicine and Science: Computers
- Computers & Business Machines
- Family & Social Life
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
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Comments
They used a 16-bit processor, true, but was implemented into a motherboard that was designed to support TI's new 8-bit processor design which never materialized. The end result was a 3 MHz 16-bit processor that performed like a 0.75MHz 8-bit processor.
Brad Geels
Wed, 2021-06-30 11:39
"Surprisingly, after 30+ years there are people WORLD-WIDE that are still using this computer on a DAILY BASIS. The TI-99/4A has quite a "classic computer " following and most users congregate at a single website where new software and hardware is still being developed for it.That website is : ti99.atariage.com "
Kevan Coleman
Mon, 2016-01-11 12:21
"I remember this system when shopping for my first computer. It has good specs, but TI made it prohibitively expensive. In its normal configuration, you could only program it in BASIC (saving to cassette tape) or run ROM cartridge video games. In order to program it for real, you needed to buy the (very expensive) expansion chassis, a floppy drive, a P-code interpreter card, and a PASCAL compiler software package.For the amount of money involved, it was far cheaper and easier to buy a system from Apple, Commodore, Atari or Tandy. I ended up getting a TRS-80 Color Computer, which I used for many years, mostly running software I developed myself."
David C.
Wed, 2015-07-29 11:19
Rich Gilbertson
Mon, 2016-01-11 21:08