Charles F. Marvin and Milton Whitney, both of the U.S. Weather Bureau, introduced this type of Combined Maximum and Minimum Soil Thermometer in 1893. This example has a wood and brass frame with a brass band marked "HENRY J. GREEN B'KLYN N.Y. 12 IN." A brass plate on the frame is marked "No. 11 U.S. WEATHER BUREAU" and graduated every 5 degrees Fahrenheit from -10 to +150. The glass thermometer inside the frame is filled with mercury and alcohol. The back of the stem is milk glass. The clear front is marked "U.S. 11" and graduated every degree Fahrenheit from +5 to +150.
Ref: C. F. Marvin and M. Whitney, "Instructions for Use of Combined Maximum and Minimum Soil Thermometer," U.S. Weather Bureau Circular G (1894).
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