The frontpiece (also known as shield or badge) of firefighting helmets has been a distinctive part of the American firefighter’s helmet since it was developed by Henry Gratacap in the early 19th century. These frontpieces displayed a variety of information. The fire company's name and number appeared, often alongside the city or town where it was based. The frontpiece could also include the owner's initials and rank. Most fire helmets had leather frontpieces, but frontpieces could also be made of metal, especially on presentation helmets or those worn in parades.
This leather frontpiece was made around 1873. The brown frontpiece had gold lettering that reads “John S. Damrell/11/JMN.” The Engine Company No. 11 in the Boston Fire Department was named after former Boston Fire Department Chief John S. Damrell from 1869-1873. The initials “JMN” likely referred to Josiah M. Nottage, a hoseman with the Engine Company No. 11 who served from 1873 until 1894.
This quilt top was made in the last third of the nineteenth-century and its maker has not been identified. It was part of a donation to the Smithsonian by G. Ruth McHenry in 1961. It may have been in the family of Jane Winter Price who made a “Carpenter’s Wheel” quilt that is also in the Collection.
Five-pointed stars, twenty in number and made of printed and plain colored cottons, are set off by white circles to create this quilt top. The 15½-inch blocks are framed by an 8-inch-wide dark green border. The quilt was never finished.
This lively pieced child’s quilt was made in the second half of the nineteenth century and the maker is not known. It was part of a donation to the Smithsonian by G. Ruth McHenry in 1961. It may have been in the family of Jane Winter Price, who made a “Carpenter’s Wheel” quilt that is also in the Collection.
Green and white pinwheels within red circles surrounded by pieced chains of green pointed ovals give a sense of whirling animation to this small quilt. Inside the 1½-inch border are semicircles of printed cotton. White thread is used for the outline and concentric line quilting on the red circles and white ground. Green thread is used for the outline and concentric line quilting on pinwheels and chained ovals, and for the herringbone quilting in the border. All are quilted 9 stitches per inch. The use of color and the complex pieced pattern combine to make this child’s quilt dynamic.
“Cheyenne Pictures. Cheyennes Charging on U.S. Troops.”
Pencil, colored pencil, ink and watercolor
The Cheyenne Indians pictured in this drawing are displayed in identifiable warrior society clothing. The warriors ride at a gallop, the hoof marks indicating movement, while firing their rifles at the U.S. troops. Two riders lean low behind the necks of their trained war horses shielding themselves from the bullets flying in all directions.
“Cheyenne Pictures. Soldiers Charging on Sioux and Cheyennes.”
Pencil and colored pencil
This drawing of U.S. Army cavalry soldiers in a charge displays the uniformity of the colors, equipment, and methods of the military. The soldiers fire their rifles at the Sioux and Cheyenne targets ahead of them. Some of these drawings are so accurate that the specific unit uniforms and types of firearms can be identified.
“Cheyenne Pictures. Standing Elk’s Horse Killed in Fight with Troops.”
Pencil, ink, and watercolor
The central focus of this image is a wounded horse, bleeding from head and rump, being fired on by U.S. troops at the right. Standing Elk, with his name glyph above him, has dismounted and appears to be safe from the rifle shots. The suggestion of concern by the warrior indicates the high value placed on horses by Plains tribesmen.
English flintlock pistol, .71 caliber made by an armorer named Gabbitas. It bears the initials "E. B." for Edward Braddock.
Specific History
General Edward Braddock gave this pistol to George Washington. In 1777 Washington mislaid the gun. A letter was sent to Captain Charles Morley on July 2, 1777. It read: “Sir, His Excellency Gen. Washington desires you to look among his effects for a pistol which was mislaid or possibly lost. You will know it by being a large brass barrel and the lock of which is also of brass with the name of Gabbitas, the Spanish armorer, thereon. It has also a heavy brass butt. His Excellency is much exercised over the loss of this pistol, it being given him by Gen. Braddock, and having since been with him through several campaigns, and he therefore values it very highly."
William Gabbitas was actually a British gunsmith, Gabitas being an old Norman French name.
Drypoint with aquatint by Gene Kloss (1903-1996). Born Alice Geneva Glasier, Kloss changed her first name to a masculine variation of her middle name after her marriage to the writer Phillips Kloss. She hoped the change would benefit her artistic career by eliminating prejudiced views of her work as a woman.