Theobald Smith (1859-1934), an epidemiologist then working at the Bureau of Animal Industry, introduced this type of fermentation tube in 1893.
Ref: Theobald Smith, “Fermentation Tube with Special Reference to Anaerobiosis and Gas Production among Bacteria,” Wilder Quarter Century Book (Ithaca, N.Y., 1893): 187-233.
Theobald Smith (1859-1934), an epidemiologist then working at the Bureau of Animal Industry, introduced this type of fermentation tube in 1893.
Ref: Theobald Smith, “Fermentation Tube with Special Reference to Anaerobiosis and Gas Production among Bacteria,” Wilder Quarter Century Book (Ithaca, N.Y., 1893): 187-233.
Josef Leiter, a leading surgical instrument maker in Vienna, Austria, designed this type of apparatus for applying heat or cold to parts of the body. This example came from the Surgical Set of Dr. William Park of the City of New York Department of Health and Mental Hygiene.
Ref: Josef Leiter, “Device for Applying Heat or Cold to the Body,” U.S. Patent 341,584 (May 11, 1886).