Computers & Business Machines
Imagine the loss, 100 years from now, if museums hadn't begun preserving the artifacts of the computer age. The last few decades offer proof positive of why museums must collect continuously—to document technological and social transformations already underway.
The museum's collections contain mainframes, minicomputers, microcomputers, and handheld devices. Computers range from the pioneering ENIAC to microcomputers like the Altair and the Apple I. A Cray2 supercomputer is part of the collections, along with one of the towers of IBM's Deep Blue, the computer that defeated reigning champion Garry Kasparov in a chess match in 1997. Computer components and peripherals, games, software, manuals, and other documents are part of the collections. Some of the instruments of business include adding machines, calculators, typewriters, dictating machines, fax machines, cash registers, and photocopiers
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Page 1 of 2
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piece, game
- Location
- Currently not on view
- date made
- 1890
- maker
- Milton Bradley Company
- ID Number
- DL.169119 [dup1]
- catalog number
- 169119
- accession number
- 29137
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
certified proof
- Crowdsourcing
- Transcribed by Smithsonian digital volunteers
- Location
- Currently not on view
- BEP certification date
- 1903-05-14
- plate date
- 1899-09-17
- series date
- 1882
- issuing authority
- U.S. Department of the Treasury
- Treasurer of the United States
- Roberts, Ellis Henry
- Register of the Treasury
- Lyons, Judson Whitlocke
- issuing bank
- Chapin National Bank of Springfield
- depicted
- Garfield, James A.
- manufacturer
- Bureau of Engraving and Printing
- ID Number
- NU.297219.016086
- catalog number
- 297219.016086
- accession number
- 297219
- bank charter number
- 2435
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
certified proof
- Crowdsourcing
- Transcribed by Smithsonian digital volunteers
- Location
- Currently not on view
- BEP certification date
- 1898-02-18
- plate date
- 1883-02-25
- issuing authority
- U.S. Department of the Treasury
- Treasurer of the United States
- Gilfillan, James
- Register of the Treasury
- Bruce, Blanche Kelso
- issuing bank
- Third National Bank of Springfield
- manufacturer
- Bureau of Engraving and Printing
- ID Number
- NU.297219.013877
- accession number
- 297219
- catalog number
- 297219.013877
- bank charter number
- 308
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
certified proof
- Crowdsourcing
- Transcribed by Smithsonian digital volunteers
- Location
- Currently not on view
- BEP certification date
- 1900-06-20
- plate date
- 1899-09-09
- issuing authority
- U.S. Department of the Treasury
- Treasurer of the United States
- Roberts, Ellis Henry
- Register of the Treasury
- Lyons, Judson Whitlocke
- issuing bank
- City National Bank of Springfield
- manufacturer
- Bureau of Engraving and Printing
- ID Number
- NU.297219.016078
- catalog number
- 297219.016078
- accession number
- 297219
- bank charter number
- 2433
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Color Wheel
- Description
- Milton Bradley (1836-1911) established the Milton Bradley Co. in Springfield, Mass., in 1860, and achieved financial success with “The Checkered Game of Life,” a board game introduced in 1861. Always interested in education, Bradley published Edward Wiebe, Paradise of Childhood (1869), the first book in English based on the ideas of the German educator, Friedrich Froebel. He also published Color in the School-Room (1890), Color in the Kindergarten (1893), and Elementary Color (1895). And, along with crayons and colored papers, he sold color disks and wheels based on the fundamental work of the British scientist, James Clerk Maxwell.
- This is an example of the color wheel for which Bradley received a patent in 1893. The Smithsonian bought it in 1898, at the same time that Bradley became a consultant to a Smithsonian committee formed to consider a revised system of naming colors for scientific purposes. The box accompanying the wheel is marked: “MAXWELL DISKS FOR USE WITH THE Bradley Color Wheel, For Primary Education” and “MILTON BRADLEY CO., Springfield, Mass.”
- Ref: Milton Bradley, “Color-Disk Rotating Mechanism,” U.S. Patent 492,604 (1893).
- James J. Shea, Jr., The Milton Bradley Story (1973).
- Location
- Currently not on view
- date made
- 1898
- maker
- Milton Bradley Company
- ID Number
- PH.314623
- catalog number
- 314623
- accession number
- 208046
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Timothy Tuttle's Visit to the World's Fair game
- Description (Brief)
- This reading game was made to coincide with the World’s Columbian Exposition, a world’s fair that opened in Chicago in 1893. Commonly known as the “White City,” the fair was essential in establishing Chicago’s image as an economic and cultural force. An enormous success, the exposition hosted 27 million visitors in its five-month run.
- Location
- Currently not on view
- Date made
- 1893
- maker
- Milton Bradley Company
- ID Number
- 1989.0438.0791
- catalog number
- 1989.0438.0791
- accession number
- 1989.0438
- catalog number
- 1893TY04
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Springfield Armory Model 1888/1884 "Trapdoor" Rifle with Ramrod Bayonet
- Location
- Currently not on view
- date made
- 1891
- associated date
- 1891
- maker
- Springfield Armory
- ID Number
- AF.65772MA
- catalog number
- 65772MA
- serial number
- 532107
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Timothy Tuttle's Visit to the World's Fair game box
- Description (Brief)
- This reading game was made to coincide with the World’s Columbian Exposition, a world’s fair that opened in Chicago in 1893. Commonly known as the “White City,” the fair was essential in establishing Chicago’s image as an economic and cultural force. An enormous success, the exposition hosted 27 million visitors in its five-month run.
- Location
- Currently not on view
- date made
- 1893
- maker
- Milton Bradley Company
- ID Number
- 1989.0438.0791.01
- catalog number
- 1989.0438.0791.01
- accession number
- 1989.0438
- catalog number
- 1893TY04.01
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
certified proof
- Crowdsourcing
- Transcribed by Smithsonian digital volunteers
- Location
- Currently not on view
- BEP certification date
- 1908-09-03
- plate date
- 1893-04-24
- series date
- 1882
- issuing authority
- U.S. Department of the Treasury
- Treasurer of the United States
- Nebecker, Enos H.
- Register of the Treasury
- Rosecrans, William S.
- issuing bank
- Springfield National Bank
- depicted
- Garfield, James A.
- manufacturer
- Bureau of Engraving and Printing
- ID Number
- NU.297219.016313
- catalog number
- 297219.016313
- accession number
- 297219
- bank charter number
- 4907
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
certified proof
- Crowdsourcing
- Transcribed by Smithsonian digital volunteers
- Location
- Currently not on view
- BEP certification date
- 1893-05-12
- plate date
- 1893-04-24
- series date
- 1882
- issuing authority
- U.S. Department of the Treasury
- Treasurer of the United States
- Nebecker, Enos H.
- Register of the Treasury
- Rosecrans, William S.
- issuing bank
- Springfield National Bank
- depicted
- Garfield, James A.
- manufacturer
- Bureau of Engraving and Printing
- ID Number
- NU.297219.016311
- catalog number
- 297219.016311
- accession number
- 297219
- bank charter number
- 4907
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Ridge's Food Child Growth
- Location
- Currently not on view
- date made
- 1894-10-15
- ID Number
- 1992.3127.36
- catalog number
- 1992.3127.36
- nonaccession number
- 1992.3127
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
certified proof
- Crowdsourcing
- Transcribed by Smithsonian digital volunteers
- Location
- Currently not on view
- BEP certification date
- 1908-09-16
- plate date
- 1899-09-17
- series date
- 1882
- issuing authority
- U.S. Department of the Treasury
- Treasurer of the United States
- Roberts, Ellis Henry
- Register of the Treasury
- Lyons, Judson Whitlocke
- issuing bank
- Chapin National Bank of Springfield
- depicted
- Garfield, James A.
- manufacturer
- Bureau of Engraving and Printing
- ID Number
- NU.297219.016087
- catalog number
- 297219.016087
- accession number
- 297219
- bank charter number
- 2435
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
certified proof
- Crowdsourcing
- Transcribed by Smithsonian digital volunteers
- Location
- Currently not on view
- BEP certification date
- 1900-04-11
- plate date
- 1893-04-24
- issuing authority
- U.S. Department of the Treasury
- Treasurer of the United States
- Nebecker, Enos H.
- Register of the Treasury
- Rosecrans, William S.
- issuing bank
- Springfield National Bank
- manufacturer
- Bureau of Engraving and Printing
- ID Number
- NU.297219.016312
- catalog number
- 297219.016312
- accession number
- 297219
- bank charter number
- 4907
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
certified proof
- Crowdsourcing
- Transcribed by Smithsonian digital volunteers
- Location
- Currently not on view
- BEP certification date
- 1899-08-23
- plate date
- 1899-09-17
- series date
- 1882
- issuing authority
- U.S. Department of the Treasury
- Treasurer of the United States
- Roberts, Ellis Henry
- Register of the Treasury
- Lyons, Judson Whitlocke
- issuing bank
- Chapin National Bank of Springfield
- depicted
- Garfield, James A.
- manufacturer
- Bureau of Engraving and Printing
- ID Number
- NU.297219.016085
- catalog number
- 297219.016085
- accession number
- 297219
- bank charter number
- 2435
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
certified proof
- Crowdsourcing
- Transcribed by Smithsonian digital volunteers
- Location
- Currently not on view
- BEP certification date
- 1896-05-20
- plate date
- 1885-03-28
- issuing authority
- U.S. Department of the Treasury
- Treasurer of the United States
- Wyman, Albert Uriah
- Register of the Treasury
- Bruce, Blanche Kelso
- issuing bank
- Chicopee National Bank of Springfield
- manufacturer
- Bureau of Engraving and Printing
- ID Number
- NU.297219.015280
- catalog number
- 297219.015280
- accession number
- 297219
- bank charter number
- 988
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
certified proof
- Crowdsourcing
- Transcribed by Smithsonian digital volunteers
- Location
- Currently not on view
- BEP certification date
- 1890-02-14
- plate date
- 1883-02-25
- series date
- 1882
- issuing authority
- U.S. Department of the Treasury
- Treasurer of the United States
- Gilfillan, James
- Register of the Treasury
- Bruce, Blanche Kelso
- issuing bank
- Third National Bank of Springfield
- depicted
- Garfield, James A.
- manufacturer
- Bureau of Engraving and Printing
- ID Number
- NU.297219.013876
- accession number
- 297219
- catalog number
- 297219.013876
- bank charter number
- 308
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
certified proof
- Crowdsourcing
- Transcribed by Smithsonian digital volunteers
- Location
- Currently not on view
- BEP certification date
- 1897-06-25
- plate date
- 1879-10-15
- issuing authority
- U.S. Department of the Treasury
- Treasurer of the United States
- Gilfillan, James
- Register of the Treasury
- Scofield, Glenni William
- issuing bank
- Chapin National Bank of Springfield
- manufacturer
- Bureau of Engraving and Printing
- ID Number
- NU.297219.016080
- catalog number
- 297219.016080
- accession number
- 297219
- bank charter number
- 2435
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
certified proof
- Crowdsourcing
- Transcribed by Smithsonian digital volunteers
- Location
- Currently not on view
- BEP certification date
- 1908-09-15
- plate date
- 1893-04-24
- issuing authority
- U.S. Department of the Treasury
- Treasurer of the United States
- Nebecker, Enos H.
- Register of the Treasury
- Rosecrans, William S.
- issuing bank
- Springfield National Bank
- manufacturer
- Bureau of Engraving and Printing
- ID Number
- NU.297219.016314
- catalog number
- 297219.016314
- accession number
- 297219
- bank charter number
- 4907
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
certified proof
- Crowdsourcing
- Transcribed by Smithsonian digital volunteers
- Location
- Currently not on view
- BEP certification date
- 1908-09-22
- plate date
- 1899-09-17
- issuing authority
- U.S. Department of the Treasury
- Treasurer of the United States
- Roberts, Ellis Henry
- Register of the Treasury
- Lyons, Judson Whitlocke
- issuing bank
- Chapin National Bank of Springfield
- manufacturer
- Bureau of Engraving and Printing
- ID Number
- NU.297219.016088
- catalog number
- 297219.016088
- accession number
- 297219
- bank charter number
- 2435
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
certified proof
- Crowdsourcing
- Transcribed by Smithsonian digital volunteers
- Location
- Currently not on view
- BEP certification date
- 1900-03-09
- plate date
- 1899-09-17
- issuing authority
- U.S. Department of the Treasury
- Treasurer of the United States
- Roberts, Ellis Henry
- Register of the Treasury
- Lyons, Judson Whitlocke
- issuing bank
- Chapin National Bank of Springfield
- manufacturer
- Bureau of Engraving and Printing
- ID Number
- NU.297219.016084
- catalog number
- 297219.016084
- accession number
- 297219
- bank charter number
- 2435
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
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