Health & Medicine

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  Bokros Carbomedics On-X Bileaflet Valve

  Description (Brief)

  The Bokros Carbomedics On-X Bileaflet Valve was developed by Dr. Jack Bokros, PhD, a nuclear engineer who in 1965 in collaboration with Dr. Vincent Gott is responsible for applying pyrolytic carbon to artificial heart valves. This material quickly became the 'gold standard for heart valves due to its biocompatibility, its strength and durability. It remains today as the most accepted material for mechanical valves.

  This specific valve is a demonstration valve with parallel pivots. It lacks a pyrolytic carbon donut and instead has a small plastic one. The On-X model was introduced in 1996.

  Bokros was very involved with St. Jude Medical in the development of the first all-carbon bi-leaflet valve. He is also the founder of Carbomedics Incorporated and On-X Life Technologies. In the 1990s, his company was responsible for fabricating pyrolyte for more than 2 million valves, worldwide. More than 500,000 Carbomedics valves have been implanted because of their highly biocompatible, pure carbon surface.

  In an interview the donor Manny Villafaña talks about the Bokros Carbomedics On-X Bileaflet Valve; the manufacturers were making an inexpensive valve for the Chinese market. It “was originally called a PRC Valve…it stands for the People’s Republic of China…It was made in Texas for China…But then it sold worldwide and became a big competitor of St. Jude…”

  Location

  Currently not on view

  date made

  1996

  ID Number

  2015.0031.38

  catalog number

  2015.0031.38

  accession number

  2015.0031

  Data Source

  National Museum of American History

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  Hall-Kaster Heart Valve

  Description

  The Hall-Kaster is a pivoting disc heart valve prostheses that began manufacture in 1977. It has open ended struts to prevent the buildup of thrombus, and a pivotal disc mechanism designed to split the orifice into two equal parts when opened. There were no welds, joint, or bends that could weaken the valves structure after years of use. The disc opens to 75 degrees with an aperture in center, made of graphite substrate and tantalum (the latter makes the disc radiopaque.) It is coated in pyrolytic carbon. The valve is housed in a titanium ring, with a sewing ring made of knitted Teflon. The valve was successful, with regurgitation in 4 of 160 patients. At least 183,000 aortic and 122,000 mitral valves were implanted worldwide with no reports of structural failure.

  The valve was developed by Dr. Karl Victor Hall (1917- ), chairman of Department of Surgery at Rikshospitalet in Oslo, Norway, and Robert Kaster, an electrical engineering with a degree from the University of Minnesota (1951). He became interested in designing prostheses while working in Dr. C. Walton Lillehei's laboratory. It was there that he designed the tilting disc valve known as the Lillehei-Kaster valve.

  Location

  Currently not on view

  date made

  after 1977

  maker

  Medtronic

  ID Number

  2015.0031.46

  catalog number

  2015.0031.46

  accession number

  2015.0031

  model number

  A770025AHK

  serial number

  25A7805032

  Data Source

  National Museum of American History

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  Clean dry clothes keep him on the job

  Location

  Currently not on view

  date made

  1942

  maker

  U.S. Public Health Service

  printer

  U.S. Government Printing Office

  ID Number

  2016.3048.01

  nonaccession number

  2016.3048

  catalog number

  2016.3048.01

  Data Source

  National Museum of American History

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  Forceps - from the Surgical Set of Dr. William Park of the City of New York Department of Health and Mental Hygiene

  Location

  Currently not on view

  ID Number

  2017.0184.002.44

  catalog number

  2017.0184.002.44

  accession number

  2017.0184

  Data Source

  National Museum of American History

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  Anneliese, Daughter of Kirsten Hilleman, Receiving Hepatitis B Vaccination

  Description (Brief)

  A print of a March 1999 photograph documenting Dr. Michael Traister inoculating Anneliese, the daughter of Kirsten Hilleman, against hepatitis B. Dr. Maurice Hilleman, Anneliese's grandfather, looks on. The vaccine that Anneliese received was developed by Dr. Maurice Hilleman at Merck Sharpe & Dohme.

  Location

  Currently not on view

  date made

  ca 1999

  ID Number

  2017.3081.06

  catalog number

  2017.3081.06

  nonaccession number

  2017.3081

  Data Source

  National Museum of American History

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  "On Target!" - New York Herald Tribune Cartoon Regarding Dr. Maurice Hilleman's Adenovirus Vaccine

  Description (Brief)

  A glossy print of a June 16, 1956, New York Herald Tribune cartoon. The cartoon depicts syringes labeled "new vaccine" being dropped by an airplane labeled "U.S. Army Medical Research." The syringes fall as if they were bombs, striking a target labeled "The Common Cold Respiratory Ailments", as characters representing viruses attempt to evade the vaccines. The cartoon is captioned "On Target!" and represents the artist's comment about the strategic importance of the adenovirus vaccine in keeping military personnel healthy. Developed by Dr. Hilleman while at the Walter Reed Army Medical Research Institute, the vaccine protected against two of the most common forms of adenovirus, types 4 and 7, which can cause acute respiratory illnesses. Military personnel are especially susceptible to adenovirus transmission because of the close quarters in which they are housed.

  Location

  Currently not on view

  date made

  ca 1956

  ID Number

  2017.3081.07

  catalog number

  2017.3081.07

  nonaccession number

  2017.3081

  Data Source

  National Museum of American History

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  Hybritech Tandem Icon hCG - Immunometric Assay Using Monoclonal Antibodies - Test for Pregnancy

  Location

  Currently not on view

  date made

  ca 1985 -1990

  maker

  Hybritech, Inc.

  ID Number

  2014.0247.12

  accession number

  2014.0247

  catalog number

  2014.0247.12

  Data Source

  National Museum of American History

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  ImmunoDip Urinary Albumin Test - Diagnostic Test for Kidney Damage

  Description (Brief)

  This single use disposable dipstick is used to check for small amounts of the protein albumin in the urine. The presence of albumin in the urine, known as albuminaria or microalbuminaria if the amount is very small, is an indication of kidney damage most often caused by diabetes. The ImmunoDip test was developed by Diagnostic Chemicals Limited in 2004.

  Location

  Currently not on view

  date made

  ca 2004

  maker

  Diagnostic Chemicals Limited

  ID Number

  2014.0247.17

  accession number

  2014.0247

  catalog number

  2014.0247.17

  Data Source

  National Museum of American History

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  St. Jude Medical Artificial Heart Valve Set

  Description

  This box contains various parts of St. Jude Artificial heart valves. There are 5 valves, 4 donuts (with no leaflets or Dacron sewing rings), 1 incomplete valve (lacks a leaflet and cloth suture), and 2 individual leaflets. Demo valves are sometimes made of anodized aluminum instead of pyrolytic carbon. The St. Jude Medical (SJM) valve was the first all carbon valve in clinical use. All St. Jude valves would be made with pyrolytic carbon, a material and coating recognized for its biocompatibility, thromboresistance, and durability. It quickly became the 'gold standard' for subsequent valves regardless of their manufacturer. A white Dacron sewing ring surrounds the valve.

  St. Jude Medical was founded by Manuel 'Manny" Villafaña in 1976, in St. Paul, Minnesota, U.S.A. The model for its popular bi-leaflet valve was developed at the University of Minnesota in 1972 by Dr. Demetre Nicoloff (1934-2003). It differed from previous valves because it was made of pyrolytic carbon, a material that was very durable and could last many years in the body. Dr. Jack Bokros, founder of OnX Life Technologies Inc., is the doctor who developed this material. Manny Villafaña is a businessman whose first company was Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. The first surgical implant with a SJM valve was carried out in October 1977.

  Location

  Currently not on view

  date made

  1976

  maker

  St. Jude Medical

  ID Number

  2015.0031.03

  catalog number

  2015.0031.03

  accession number

  2015.0031

  Data Source

  National Museum of American History

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  Beall-Cromie Mitral Valve

  Description

  The Beall-Cromie is a caged-disc mitral valve coated with Teflon. it is similar in design to Charles Hufnagel's caged disk valve. In this model, the ring is large and the cage is flimsy. It was designed by Dr. Arthur Beall (1929-2002) of Baylor University College of Medicine and Harry Cromie, an engineer who was involved in designing the sutureless Magovern-Cromie valve. Beall worked with Dr. Michael DeBakey during his residency at Baylor.

  Location

  Currently not on view

  ID Number

  2015.0031.35

  catalog number

  2015.0031.35

  accession number

  2015.0031

  serial number

  L/M B836

  Data Source

  National Museum of American History

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  DeBakey Surgitool Aortic Heart Valve

  Description (Brief)

  This is a closed cage, pyrolytic carbon ball valve designed by Dr. Michael DeBakey MD. The three bare titanium struts are coated in pyrolytic carbon. There is a plastic, polyethylene suture ring intended to prevent endothelial cover and avoid diastolic leakage. A major issue with this valve was strut wear. This is due to the hard pyrolytic carbon ball and soft titanium cage constantly hitting one another. It is also relatively noisy. The materials are thromboresistant and electronegative in blood. The perioperative mortality rate for 345 patients was 8.1%. and the five year survival rate was 81%. Dr. DeBakey gave this "original" aortic ball valve to the donor Manny Villafana in 2002.

  Dr. Michael E. DeBakey (1908-2008) was chancellor of Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas and director of The Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center. He earned his degrees from Tulane University and Charity Hospital, and completed a fellowship in France. Harry Cromie was an engineer of Surgitool Incorporated. DeBakey had worked in the past with Dr. Denton Cooley, until a controversy developed between the two of them. Surgitool was founded by Harry Cromie and Dr. George Magovern (the two creators of the sutureless Magovern-Cromie Valve).

  Location

  Currently not on view

  date made

  ca 1968

  maker

  Surgitool, Inc.

  ID Number

  2015.0031.41

  catalog number

  2015.0031.41

  accession number

  2015.0031

  serial number

  4ADS90151

  Data Source

  National Museum of American History

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  Eosin w. gelbl.

  Location

  Currently not on view

  maker

  Dr. G. Grubler & Co.

  ID Number

  2017.0184.001.35

  catalog number

  2017.0184.001.35

  accession number

  2017.0184

  Data Source

  National Museum of American History

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  Tracheal Tube, Size 0 - from the Surgical Set of Dr. William Park of the City of New York Department of Health and Mental Hygiene

  Location

  Currently not on view

  ID Number

  2017.0184.002.05

  catalog number

  2017.0184.002.05

  accession number

  2017.0184

  Data Source

  National Museum of American History

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  Tonsil and Nasal Snare - from the Surgical Set of Dr. William Park of the City of New York Department of Health and Mental Hygiene

  Location

  Currently not on view

  ID Number

  2017.0184.002.29

  catalog number

  2017.0184.002.29

  accession number

  2017.0184

  Data Source

  National Museum of American History

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  Forceps - from the Surgical Set of Dr. William Park of the City of New York Department of Health and Mental Hygiene

  Location

  Currently not on view

  ID Number

  2017.0184.002.31

  catalog number

  2017.0184.002.31

  accession number

  2017.0184

  Data Source

  National Museum of American History

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  P.H. Laboratory - Dressing Forceps - 5 1/2-inch Steel

  Location

  Currently not on view

  Associated Name

  City of New York Department of Health and Mental Hygiene

  ID Number

  2017.0184.032.3

  catalog number

  2017.0184.032.3

  accession number

  2017.0184

  Data Source

  National Museum of American History

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  Kahn Antigen Dilution Tubes

  Location

  Currently not on view

  maker

  Kimble Glass Company

  ID Number

  2017.0184.035.1

  catalog number

  2017.0184.035.1

  accession number

  2017.0184

  Data Source

  National Museum of American History

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  Atophan - Trial Sample

  Location

  Currently not on view

  trademark date (Atophan)

  1911-12-26

  maker

  Schering & Glatz

  ID Number

  2017.0184.046

  catalog number

  2017.0184.046

  accession number

  2017.0184

  Data Source

  National Museum of American History

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  Bent Angle Smith Tube from the New York City Department of Health Laboratories

  Location

  Currently not on view

  ID Number

  2017.0184.077.1

  accession number

  2017.0184

  catalog number

  2017.0184.077.1

  Data Source

  National Museum of American History

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  Bent Angle Smith Tube from the New York City Department of Health Laboratories

  Location

  Currently not on view

  ID Number

  2017.0184.077.2

  accession number

  2017.0184

  catalog number

  2017.0184.077.2

  Data Source

  National Museum of American History

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