Natural Resources
The natural resources collections offer centuries of evidence about how Americans have used the bounty of the American continent and coastal waters. Artifacts related to flood control, dam construction, and irrigation illustrate the nation's attempts to manage the natural world. Oil-drilling, iron-mining, and steel-making artifacts show the connection between natural resources and industrial strength.
Forestry is represented by saws, axes, a smokejumper's suit, and many other objects. Hooks, nets, and other gear from New England fisheries of the late 1800s are among the fishing artifacts, as well as more recent acquisitions from the Pacific Northwest and Chesapeake Bay. Whaling artifacts include harpoons, lances, scrimshaw etchings in whalebone, and several paintings of a whaler's work at sea. The modern environmental movement has contributed buttons and other protest artifacts on issues from scenic rivers to biodiversity.
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Patent Model of a Platen Press
- Description (Brief)
- This patent model demonstrates an invention for a self-inking platen jobbing press with a vertical bed and platen which was brought together by toggle levers. An inking cylinder sat beneath the bed, and a frisket frame was lifted up between impressions to receive sheets of paper. The invention was granted patent number 3716. This invention first appeared as Gilman's job press, and then from 1846 to 1873 as the Hoe Company's Patent Machine Card Press.
- Location
- Currently not on view
- date made
- ca 1844
- patent date
- 1844-08-23
- maker
- Gilman, Alonzo
- ID Number
- GA.89797.003716
- patent number
- 003716
- accession number
- 89797
- catalog number
- GA*89797.003716
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Patent Model for a Flatbed Cylinder Printing Press
- Description (Brief)
- This patent model demonstrates an invention for improvements in the printing press; the invention was granted patent number 4025. The patent details improvements in feed and delivery, in raising the cylinder, and in stopping the bed.
- Location
- Currently not on view
- date made
- ca 1845
- patent date
- 1845-05-01
- maker
- Hoe, Richard March
- ID Number
- GA.11016
- catalog number
- GA*11016
- patent number
- 004025
- accession number
- 48865
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Patent Model of a Book Trimmer
- Description (Brief)
- This patent model demonstrates an invention for a book trimmer which was granted patent number 5523. The machine is for cutting the edges of books, and combines a sliding cutter with a turning and adjustable book holder and an adjustable table.
- Location
- Currently not on view
- date made
- ca 1848
- patent date
- 1848-04-18
- maker
- Markham, Larnard F.
- ID Number
- GA.89797.005523
- catalog number
- GA*89797.005523
- accession number
- 089797
- patent number
- 005523
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Patent for Type Rubbing Machine
- Description (Brief)
- This patent model demonstrates an invention for James Duncan's Rotary Type Rubber which smoothed the rough edges on freshly cast type. The invention was granted patent number 5420.
- Location
- Currently not on view
- date made
- ca 1848
- patent date
- 1848-01-25
- maker
- Duncan, James L.
- ID Number
- GA.89797.005420
- accession number
- 089797
- patent number
- 005420
- catalog number
- GA*89797.005420
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Patent Model of a Platen Printing Press
- Description (Brief)
- This patent model demonstrates an invention for a self-inking press which was granted number 3917. The press has a vertical bed and platen, and sheet grippers traveling on an endless chain. The model is damaged.
- Location
- Currently not on view
- date made
- ca 1845
- patent date
- 1845-02-20
- maker
- Kneeland, J. C.
- ID Number
- GA.89797.003917
- accession number
- 089797
- patent number
- 003917
- catalog number
- GA*89797.003917
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Patent Model for a Flatbed Cylinder Press
- Description (Brief)
- This patent model demonstrates an invention for a flatbed cylinder press which was granted patent number 3551. This presses’ tapered bearers were attached to the bed to prevent slurring of the impression at the ends of the form
- Location
- Currently not on view
- date made
- ca 1844
- patent date
- 1844-04-17
- patentee
- Hoe, Richard March
- maker
- Hoe, Richard March
- ID Number
- GA.89797.003551
- accession number
- 089797
- catalog number
- GA*89797.003551
- patent number
- 003551
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Patent Model for a Double-Ended Press
- Description (Brief)
- This patent model demonstrates an invention for a double-ended press; it was granted patent number 2793. The invention included a method of bringing two alternating beds into printing position. The patent could be applied either to a bed-and-platen press or to another cylinder press.
- Location
- Currently not on view
- date made
- ca 1842
- patent date
- 1842-09-30
- maker
- Northrup, Joel G.
- ID Number
- GA.89797.002793
- patent number
- 002793
- accession number
- 89797
- catalog number
- GA*89797.002793
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Patent Model for a Double Cylinder Flatbed Printing Press
- Description (Brief)
- This patent model demonstrates an invention for various improvements on the English presses of Applegath, Napier, and others, especially methods of stopping and reversing the press bed in its travel and of raising the impression cylinders to allow the bed to pass underneath. The invention was granted patent number 2629.
- This was the patent for Hoe's Pony press, built specifically for the New York Sun to print 5-6,000 impressions per hour. Richard March Hoe (1812-1886) was the son of Robert Hoe, founder of the original company, which he took over in 1833 after his father's death. Among many outstanding inventions, his most famous press was the Lightning of 1846. He was also known for solicitous management of his employees, for whom he set up set up a free but compulsory apprentice school.
- Location
- Currently not on view (printing press fragment)
- date made
- ca 1842
- patent date
- 1842-05-20
- patentee
- Hoe, Richard March
- maker
- Hoe, Richard March
- ID Number
- GA.11023
- catalog number
- GA*11023
- accession number
- 48865
- patent number
- 002629
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Patent Model of a Machine for Printing Paper Hangings
- Description (Brief)
- This patent model demonstrates an invention for a block-printing press for wallpaper and oilcloth; the invention was granted patent number 6404. Two sets of blocks, suspended over the paper, were mounted in a frame that moved laterally so that one was re-inked by brushes while the other delivered its impression. The paper traveled along a table transverse to the block frame.
- Location
- Currently not on view
- date made
- ca 1849
- patent date
- 1849-05-01
- maker
- Shaw, William M.
- Gould, Ezra
- ID Number
- GA.89797.006404
- accession number
- 089797
- patent number
- 006404
- catalog number
- GA*89797.006404
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Patent Model for a Type Mold
- Description (Brief)
- This patent model demonstrates an invention for a type mold which was granted patent number 5846. The Universal Hand Type-Mold cast type of any size.
- Location
- Currently not on view
- date made
- ca 1848
- Date made
- 1848
- patent date
- 1848-10-10
- maker
- Day, Hartley W.
- ID Number
- 1996.0062.06
- patent number
- 005846
- accession number
- 1996.0062
- catalog number
- 1996.0062.06
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Patent Model of a Flatbed Cylinder Printing Press
- Description (Brief)
- This patent model demonstrates an invention for a flat-bed cylinder printing press; the invention was granted patent number 5819. The press featured an improved apparatus governing the motion of the bed on a flatbed cylinder press as well as the gripper fingers and the inking system.
- Location
- Currently not on view
- date made
- ca 1848
- patent date
- 1848-10-03
- maker
- Marsh, Joseph M.
- ID Number
- GA.89797.005819
- patent number
- 005819
- accession number
- 89797
- catalog number
- GA*89797.005819
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Invention for Improvement in Rotary Printing Presses
- Description (Brief)
- This patent model demonstrates an invention for an improvement on Hoe's rotary printing press; the invention was granted patent number 5199. The patent includes improvements to the inking apparatus, the use of a portion of the type cylinder for ink distribution, and locking type to the cylinder with tapering rules.
- date made
- ca 1847
- patent date
- 1847-07-24
- inventor
- Hoe, Richard March
- ID Number
- GA.11017
- accession number
- 48865
- catalog number
- GA*11017
- patent number
- 5199
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Patent model machine for making cold wrought type
- Description (Brief)
- This patent model demonstrates an invention for a machine which produced type by compression and cutting from rods of any metal; the invention was granted patent number 5049. The face was formed using a steel letter matrix or, for reversed type (type en creux), a steel punch. The model is a full-sized working machine. (Jean Petyt was from Paris, France.)
- Location
- Currently not on view
- date made
- ca 1847
- patent date
- 1847-04-03
- maker
- Petyt, Jean Constant
- ID Number
- GA.89797.005049
- accession number
- 089797
- patent number
- 005049
- catalog number
- GA*89797.005049
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Patent Model for an Ellipsographic Copying Machine
- Description (Brief)
- This patent model demonstrates an invention for a carpenter's type-cutter and protractor; the invention was granted patent number 2894. The cutter and protractor was a machine for cutting multiple copies from a single pattern. Typically, it was to be used in making wood type, which could be enlarged or reduced, extended or compressed, thrown into perspective, or turned into "grotesque type of any given fashion from the same plain pattern."
- Location
- Currently not on view
- date made
- ca 1842
- patent date
- 1842-12-31
- maker
- Carpenter, Luman
- ID Number
- GA.89797.002894
- patent number
- 002894
- accession number
- 089797
- catalog number
- GA*89797.002894
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Patent Model for a Typecasting Machine
- Description (Brief)
- This patent model demonstrates an invention for a typecasting machine which was granted patent number 3324. The patent details improvements to David Bruce's earlier pivotal typecaster, specifically, adjustable parts to the mold, a method of opening the mold and tilting the matrix and the piston to force metal into the mold.
- Location
- Currently not on view
- Date made
- 1843
- date made
- ca 1843
- patent date
- 1843-11-06
- maker
- Bruce, Jr., David
- ID Number
- GA.89797.003324
- accession number
- 89797
- patent number
- 003324
- catalog number
- GA*89797.003324
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Patent Model for a Typecasting Machine
- Description (Brief)
- This patent model demonstrates an invention for a typecasting machine which was granted patent number 4072. The patent details further developments on David Bruce's pivotal typecaster.
- Location
- Currently not on view
- date made
- ca 1845
- patent date
- 1845-06-07
- maker
- Bruce, Jr., David
- ID Number
- GA.89797.004072
- accession number
- 089797
- patent number
- 004072
- catalog number
- GA*89797.004072
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Patent model for painting on translucent surfaces
- Description (Brief)
- This patent model demonstrates an invention for a method of painting on a sheet of glass coated with linseed oil and ground silica, which gave a luminous appearance to the painting. The invention was granted patent number 5495. The inventor named the process Tachygraphic Painting. J. Bishop Hall of Philadelphia may have been the same as the John Bishop Hall of New York whose invention is also listed here.
- Location
- Currently not on view
- date made
- ca 1848
- patent date
- 1848-03-28
- maker
- Hall, J. Bishop
- ID Number
- GA.89797.005495
- accession number
- 089797
- patent number
- 005495
- 005495
- catalog number
- GA*89797.005495
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
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- Models 17
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- Apparatus? 1
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- Machine, Trimming 1
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