Natural Resources
The natural resources collections offer centuries of evidence about how Americans have used the bounty of the American continent and coastal waters. Artifacts related to flood control, dam construction, and irrigation illustrate the nation's attempts to manage the natural world. Oil-drilling, iron-mining, and steel-making artifacts show the connection between natural resources and industrial strength.
Forestry is represented by saws, axes, a smokejumper's suit, and many other objects. Hooks, nets, and other gear from New England fisheries of the late 1800s are among the fishing artifacts, as well as more recent acquisitions from the Pacific Northwest and Chesapeake Bay. Whaling artifacts include harpoons, lances, scrimshaw etchings in whalebone, and several paintings of a whaler's work at sea. The modern environmental movement has contributed buttons and other protest artifacts on issues from scenic rivers to biodiversity.
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Environmental Button
- Description
- While many of the buttons in our collections were produced by environmental organizations, the causes they espouse are often advocated by government agencies. This button is a good example. It was made in Canada by the Alberta Energy and Natural Resources.
- Location
- Currently not on view
- ID Number
- 2003.0014.0362
- accession number
- 2003.0014
- catalog number
- 2003.0014.0362
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Environmental Button
- Description
- Water is one of our most precious natural resources. Having a ready supply of water for drinking and irrigation is of paramount concern to society, even to those living in comparatively water rich regions such as New York City. This button was produced by the city’s Department of Environmental Protection to encourage water conservation.
- Location
- Currently not on view
- ID Number
- 2003.0014.0565
- catalog number
- 2003.0014.0565
- accession number
- 2003.0014
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Fisherman’s Sweatshirt
- Description
- This heavyweight, extra-large hooded sweatshirt was worn by one of the deck hands working aboard the Alaska Ocean catcher-processer in 2007. It features the logo of the Alaska Ship Supply store in Dutch Harbor, Alaska, a major commercial fishing port at the end of the Aleutian Chain. Although the Alaska Ocean’s home port is now Seattle (it was formerly Anacortes, Washington), Dutch Harbor serves as the vessel’s home base during the months it operates in the Bering Sea.
- The 125-person crew of the Alaska Ocean is at sea for several weeks at a time, and they look forward to reaching Dutch Harbor where they unload the frozen fish products and resupply the ship. The captain and crew can take care of personal business while in port as well, and stores like Alaska Ship Supply cater to their needs by selling clothing, supplies, marine hardware, groceries, postage, and other items.
- The Alaska Ocean is a 376-foot-long vessel in the Seattle-based catcher-processor fleet. Workers catch, process, package, and freeze groundfish—mostly pollock and Pacific whiting—in the Bering Sea and in the waters off the coast of the Pacific Northwest. The vessel can harvest about 325 metric tons of fish per day and can freeze over 250,000 pounds of fish product daily.
- date made
- ca 2007
- maker
- Alaska Ship Supply
- ID Number
- 2007.0178.06
- catalog number
- 2007.0178.06
- accession number
- 2007.0178
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Fisherman’s Knife
- Description
- A good, sharp knife is an essential tool for fishermen working on the fish deck of a catcher-processor. Aboard the Alaska Ocean, each deckhand carries a “Vicky,” shorthand for a Victorinox knife. This example is 7.5 inches long, including the handle. It is used for mending nets, cutting lines, and for general duties like cutting up cardboard for the on-board incinerator. The holder for this knife has weathered a lot of use, evidenced by the tape repairs.
- In a June 2007 interview with deck boss Brent Walter (who was in his twelfth year working on the Alaska Ocean) and deckhands Ben Boyok and Matt Prebezac (who had been with the Alaska Ocean for seven years and two years, respectively), they agreed that net repair was the hardest part of the job. The main difficulty involves learning to conceptualize the repair. Because the net mesh is so huge, it takes time and experience to understand how to make the repair correctly. At the time, the Alaska Ocean was fishing in waters about 50 miles off the coast of Washington State and using a mid-water trawl. Repairs to the nets were minimal. The deckhands expected to do more net repair later in the season when the vessel moved to the Bering Sea, where the nets get torn from bottom-fishing.
- The Alaska Ocean is a 376-foot-long vessel in the Seattle-based catcher-processor fleet. Workers catch, process, package, and freeze groundfish—mostly pollock and Pacific whiting—in the Bering Sea and in the waters off the coast of the Pacific Northwest.
- date made
- ca 2007
- maker
- Victorinox Swiss Army
- ID Number
- 2007.0178.03
- catalog number
- 2007.0178.03
- accession number
- 2007.0178
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Factory Processor’s Rain Pants
- Description
- Fish processors aboard trawlers like the Alaska Ocean wear waterproof pants over their coveralls and other clothing to protect themselves from the water and fish slime that are constant companions in the factory. This pair is dark blue, the same as those worn by deck hands. These pants are small and were worn by processor Thelma McFarland in the summer 2007 season.
- date made
- 2007
- used
- 2007
- used
- McFarland, Thelma
- maker
- Helly Hansen
- ID Number
- 2007.0178.21
- catalog number
- 2007.0178.21
- accession number
- 2007.0178
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Environmental Button
- Description
- Several types of renewable energy sources are available as alternatives to non-renewable carbon based energy sources. The button featured here advocates the use of wind power to generate electricity.
- Location
- Currently not on view
- ID Number
- 2003.0014.0369
- catalog number
- 2003.0014.0369
- accession number
- 2003.0014
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Environmental Button
- Description
- Water is one of our most precious natural resources. Having a ready supply of water for drinking and irrigation is of paramount concern to society. Water conservation is a great concern to those living in arid regions of the western United States, such as Nevada, where this button was produced.
- Location
- Currently on loan
- ID Number
- 2003.0014.0571
- catalog number
- 2003.0014.0571
- accession number
- 2003.0014
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Environmental Button
- Description
- This popular button protests the use of nuclear power as an energy source.
- Location
- Currently not on view
- ID Number
- 2003.0014.0452
- accession number
- 2003.0014
- catalog number
- 2003.0014.0452
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Environmental Button
- Description
- Few episodes in United States history helped forge today’s culture of environmental awareness more than a controversial proposal to build dams within Grand Canyon National Park.
- The Grand Canyon’s unique beauty and immense scale have impressed generations of Americans, making the Northern Arizona landmark one of the nation’s most symbolically rich natural landscapes.
- The Canyon is formed by the Colorado River, a water system running from the Rocky Mountains into the Gulf of California. The Colorado is one of the largest sources of fresh water and hydro-electric power available to arid portions of the western United States. The river’s resources have been taxed by ever-increasing populations. Dams had already been built on much of the Colorado when the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation proposed erecting new dams within the Grand Canyon in the mid 1960s. The dams were proposed despite the Grand Canyon’s designation as a federally protected National Park (1919.)
- Location
- Currently not on view
- maker
- Big Ed's Buttons
- ID Number
- 2003.0014.0522
- accession number
- 2003.0014
- catalog number
- 2003.0014.0522
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Environmental Button
- Description
- The group "Bike for a Better City" encouraged New York commuters and lawmakers to view bicycling as a means for everyday transportation. The organization, founded in 1970 by Barry Fishman and Harriet Green, called for the establishment of special bike lanes to make city biking safer.
- Location
- Currently not on view
- maker
- Fishman, Barry
- ID Number
- 2003.0014.0051
- catalog number
- 2003.0014.0051
- accession number
- 2003.0014
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Environmental Button
- Description
- The Sierra Club, an American environmental organization headquartered in San Francisco, developed a reputation in the 1960s as an aggressive defender of wild lands. Its activist approach has continued, and its areas of concern have expanded. The organization was founded in 1892 by John Muir, a Scottish American naturalist and essayist.
- Location
- Currently not on view
- Date made
- early 1990s
- ID Number
- 1999.0248.68
- catalog number
- 1999.0248.68
- accession number
- 1999.0248
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Environmental Button
- Description
- Some environmental campaigns sought to change the behavior of government agencies. As the world’s largest public engineering, design, and construction agency, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers attracted broad-based criticism in the 1960s and thereafter for its aggressive program of dams and channel building. River advocates in particular were urged to “Keep Busy Fighting the Corps.”
- Location
- Currently not on view
- maker
- Rivercity Art
- ID Number
- 2003.0014.0636
- accession number
- 2003.0014
- catalog number
- 2003.0014.0636
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Environmental Button
- Description
- The slogan on this button refers to a campaign by the environmental group the Sierra Club to promote and preserve the wilderness areas of Utah. It dates from the early 1990s. Wilderness protection was a touchstone issue among some environmental groups, and is still relevant despite the passage of the Wilderness Act in 1964.
- Location
- Currently not on view
- Date made
- early 1990s
- ID Number
- 1999.0248.26
- catalog number
- 1999.0248.26
- accession number
- 1999.0248
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Environmental Button
- Description
- The button featured here was likely produced for Arbor Day, a holiday observed in the United States on the last Friday in April. Arbor Day, started by J. Sterling Morton of Nebraska in 1872, encourages folks to plant and care for trees.
- Location
- Currently not on view
- ID Number
- 2003.0014.1066
- catalog number
- 2003.0014.1066
- accession number
- 2003.0014
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Environmental Button
- Description
- The Everglades is an extensive subtropical marshland in southern Florida. Marjory Stoneman Douglas, author of the 1947 book The Everglades: River of Grass, was influential in educating the public on the importance of this unique ecological area. The Everglades is still one of the nation’s biggest environmental battlegrounds as a result of ongoing fights over water use and distribution. Over 50% of its original area has been lost to agriculture and development.
- Location
- Currently not on view
- ID Number
- 2003.0014.0840
- accession number
- 2003.0014
- catalog number
- 2003.0014.0840
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Factory Processor’s Bump Hat
- Description
- The factory inside a large trawler like the Alaska Ocean is filled with equipment for filleting, processing, freezing, and packing enormous quantities of fish. Workers are trained in safety procedures and also wear protective headgear and earplugs as they work. While not required to wear certified safety helmets like the fishermen on the weather deck, they wear bump hats molded from high-density polyethylene for protection from minor bumps and bruises.
- This yellow bump hat was worn by Thelma McFarland, a fish processor, who was working her third season aboard the Alaska Ocean in 2007. She wore it over a disposable hairnet, which covered and held her hair in place, a requirement for maintaining sanitary conditions in the factory. There are typically four factory shifts, and the bump hats are color-coded according to each shift—blue for A, yellow for B, green for C, and orange for D shift. The color-coding allows managers to quickly assess the number of workers that will be needed on extra kicker shifts. The lead managers in each area wear red bump hats.
- date made
- 2007
- Associated Date
- 2007
- used
- McFarland, Thelma
- maker
- Bullard
- ID Number
- 2007.0178.13
- catalog number
- 2007.0178.13
- accession number
- 2007.0178
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Alaska Ocean Coveralls
- Description
- Fish processors, laboratory staff, inspectors, supervisors, and others who work in the factory aboard the Alaska Ocean wear royal blue coveralls like these when on duty. These polyester coveralls are worn over other clothing to maintain standards of hygiene in the factory. Some processors change their coveralls several times during their daily 12-hour shift, which can extend to kicker shifts of an additional three hours. Because clean coveralls are always in demand, the factory’s laundry crew keeps the industrial washers and dryers running continuously. The coveralls, with the words Alaska Ocean emblazoned across the back, zip up the front and are typically worn tucked into boots.
- date made
- 2006
- Associated Date
- 2007
- used
- McFarland, Thelma
- maker
- Fristads
- ID Number
- 2007.0178.20
- catalog number
- 2007.0178.20
- accession number
- 2007.0178
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Environmental Button
- Description
- This button urges people to find alternatives to driving, such as using public transportation, riding bicycles, or walking.
- Location
- Currently not on view
- ID Number
- 2003.0014.0060
- catalog number
- 2003.0014.0060
- accession number
- 2003.0014
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Environmental Button
- Description
- The first Earth Day was held on April 22, 1970. The occasion was first conceived by Gaylord Nelson, a U.S. Senator from Wisconsin, as a national day of observance for environmental problems. Millions of people participated in events across the country, while thousands of schools held special educational sessions, all dealing with environmental concerns. Earth Day has since become an annual event, celebrated worldwide.
- Location
- Currently not on view
- ID Number
- 2003.0014.1175
- catalog number
- 2003.0014.1175
- accession number
- 2003.0014
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
-
Environmental Button
- Description
- This button was likely produced in reaction to an oil embargo that occurred in 1973-1974. The embargo caused gas shortages, leading to higher prices and gas rationing, and resulted in long lines at the gas pumps. This button suggests one possible response to the embargo.
- Location
- Currently on loan
- maker
- Badge-A-Minit
- ID Number
- 2003.0014.0013
- accession number
- 2003.0014
- catalog number
- 2003.0014.0013
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History
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