Mexican War (detail of painting 'Battle of Chapultepec' by James Walker)

Defeating the Mexican Army

Despite its losses in New Mexico and California, and on its northern front, Mexico refused to surrender. To finish the war, President Polk followed the advice of his general in chief, Winfield Scott, and sent an army to capture Mexico City. He chose Scott himself to make an amphibious landing at Veracruz and then follow the path Hernando Cortés took centuries earlier when he defeated the Aztecs. Scott planned and executed a brilliant campaign, in which he consistently defeated larger forces through superior tactics and bold maneuvers. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848 ended the war.

Landing of the U.S. Army under General Scott on the beach near Vera Cruz
South Side of the Castle of Chapultepec by James Walker
General Antonio López de Santa Anna
Scott’s Entrance into Mexico by Carl Nebel
The United States and Mexico after the war

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